Pharmacology
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Pharmacology
BASIC PRINCIPLES
Introduction
Introduction - Basic & Clinical Pharmacology The History of Pharmacologyogy Pharmacology & Genetics Pharmacology and the Pharmaceutical Industry The Nature of Drugs Drug-Body Interactions Pharmacodynamic Principles Pharmacokinetic Principles Drug GroupsDrug Receptors Pharmacodynamics
Drug Receptors & Pharmacodynamics Macromolecular Nature of Drug Receptors Relation Between Drug Concentration & Response Signaling Mechanisms & Drug Action Intracellular Receptors for Lipid-Soluble Agents Ligand-Regulated Transmembrane Enzymes Including Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Cytokine Receptors Ligand- and Voltage-Gated Channels G Proteins & Second Messengers Receptor Regulation Well-Established Second Messengers Interplay among Signaling Mechanisms Phosphorylation: A Common Theme Receptor Classes & Drug Development Relation Between Drug Dose & Clinical Response Dose & Response in Patients Variation in Drug Responsiveness Clinical Selectivity: Beneficial versus Toxic Effects of DrugsPharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Rational Dosing the Time Course of Drug Action
Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics: Rational Dosing & the Time Course of Drug Action Pharmacokinetics Volume of Distribution - Pharmacokinetics Clearance - Pharmacokinetics Half-Life - Pharmacokinetics Drug Accumulation - Pharmacokinetics Bioavailability - Pharmacokinetics The Time Course of Drug Effect The Target Concentration Approach to Designing a Rational Dosage Regimen Target Concentration Intervention: Application of Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics to Dose Individualization Interpretation of Drug Concentration MeasurementsDrug Biotransformation
Drug Biotransformation Why is Drug Biotransformation Necessary? The Role of Biotransformation In Drug Disposition Where Do Drug Biotransformations Occur? Microsomal Mixed Function Oxidase System & Phase I Reactions Human Liver P450 Enzymes Phase II Reactions Metabolism of Drugs to Toxic Products Clinical Relevance of Drug MetabolismDevelopment Regulation of Drugs
Development & Regulation of Drugs The Pharmaceutical Industry Drug Discovery Preclinical Safety & Toxicity Testing Evaluation in Humans Confounding Factors in Clinical Trials The Food & Drug Administration - Evaluation in Humans Clinical Trials: The IND & NDA - Evaluation in Humans Conflicts of Interest, Adverse Drug Reactions - Evaluation in Humans Orphan Drugs & Treatment of Rare Diseases - Evaluation in HumansIntroduction to Autonomic Pharmacology
Introduction to Autonomic Pharmacology Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous System Neurotransmitter Chemistry of the Autonomic Nervous System Autonomic Receptors Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic (NANC) Neurons Functional Organization of Autonomic Activity Pharmacologic Modification of Autonomic FunctionCholinoceptor Activating Cholinesterase Inhibiting Drugs
Cholinoceptor-Activating & Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Drugs Spectrum of Action of Cholinomimetic Drugs Mode of Action of Cholinomimetic Drugs Basic Pharmacology of the Direct Acting Cholinoceptor Stimulants Basic Pharmacology of the Indirect Acting Cholinomimetics Clinical Pharmacology of the CholinomimeticsCholinoceptor Blocking Drugs
Cholinoceptor Blocking Drugs Basic Pharmacology of the Muscarinic Receptor Blocking Drugs Clinical Pharmacology of the Muscarinic Receptor Blocking Drugs Basic & Clinical Pharmacology of the Ganglion Blocking DrugsAdrenoceptor Agonists Sympathomimetic Drugs
Adrenoceptor Agonists & Sympathomimetic Drugs Molecular Pharmacology Underlying the Actions of Sympathomimetic Drugs Medicinal Chemistry of Sympathomimetic Drugs Cardiovascular System - Organ System Effects of Sympathomimetic Drugs Noncardiac Effects of Sympathomimetics - Organ System Effects of Sympathomimetic Drugs Endogenous Catecholamines Direct-Acting Sympathomimetics Mixed-Acting Sympathomimetics Indirect-Acting Sympathomimetics Therapeutic Uses of Sympathomimetic DrugsAdrenoceptor Antagonist Drugs
Adrenoceptor Antagonist Drugs Basic Pharmacology of the Alpha Receptor Antagonist Drugs Specific Agents Other Alpha-Adrenoceptor Antagonists Clinical Pharmacology of the Alpha Receptor Blocking Drugs Basic Pharmacology of the Beta Receptor Antagonist Drugs Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Beta-Receptor Antagonists Pharmacodynamics of the Beta-Receptor Antagonist Drugs Specific Agents Clinical Pharmacology of the Beta Receptor Blocking Drugs Choice of a Beta-Adrenoceptor Antagonist Drug Clinical Toxicity Of The Beta-Receptor Antagonist DrugsAntihypertensive Agents
Antihypertensive Agents Hypertension & Regulation of Blood Pressure Basic Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Agents Drugs that Alter Sodium & Water Balance Drugs That Alter Sympathetic Nervous System Function Centrally Acting Sympathoplegic Drugs Methyldopa Clonidine Ganglion-Blocking Agents Adrenergic Neuron-Blocking Agents Beta-Adrenoceptor-Blocking Agents Prazosin & Other Alpha1 Blockers Vasodilators Hydralazine Minoxidil Sodium Nitroprusside Diazoxide Fenoldopam Calcium Channel Blockers Inhibitors of Angiotensin Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Angiotensin Receptor-Blocking Agents Clinical Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Agents Outpatient Therapy of Hypertension Management of Hypertensive EmergenciesVasodilators the Treatment of Angina Pectoris
Vasodilators & the Treatment of Angina Pectoris Pathophysiology of Angina Basic Pharmacology of Drugs Used to Treat Angina Nitrates & Nitrites Drugs Used in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction Calcium Channel-Blocking Drugs Beta-Blocking Drugs Newer Antianginal Drugs Clinical Pharmacology of Drugs Used to Treat Angina Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) & Intermittent ClaudicationDrugs Used in Heart Failure
Drugs Used in Heart Failure Control of Normal Cardiac Contractility Pathophysiology of Heart Failure Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance Other Positive Inotropic Drugs Used in Heart Failure Bipyridines Beta-Adrenoceptor Agonists Basic Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Heart Failure Drugs Without Positive Inotropic Effects Used in Heart Failure Clinical Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Heart Failure Management of Chronic Heart Failure Management of Diastolic Heart Failure Management of Acute Heart FailureAgents Used in Cardiac Arrhythmias
Agents Used in Cardiac Arrhythmias Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm Mechanisms of Arrhythmias Basic Pharmacology of the Antiarrhythmic Agents Specific Antiarrhythmic Agents Procainamide (Subgroup 1A) Quinidine (SubGroup 1A) Disopyramide (SubGroup 1A) Lidocaine (SubGroup 1B) Mexiletine (SubGroup 1B) Flecainide (Subgroup 1C) Propafenone (Subgroup 1C) Moricizine (Subgroup 1C) Beta-Adrenoceptor–Blocking Drugs (Class 2) Drugs That Prolong Effective Refractory Period by Prolonging the Action Potential (Class 3) Amiodarone Dronedarone Vernakalant Sotalol Dofetilide Ibutilide Calcium Channel-Blocking Drugs (Class 4) Verapamil Adenosine - Antiarrhythmic Agents Magnesium - Antiarrhythmic Agents Potassium - Antiarrhythmic Agents Principles in the Clinical Use of Antiarrhythmic AgentsDiuretic Agents
Diuretic Agents Proximal Tubule - Renal Tubule Transport Mechanisms Loop of Henle - Renal Tubule Transport Mechanisms Distal Convoluted Tubule - Renal Tubule Transport Mechanisms Collecting Tubule System - Renal Tubule Transport Mechanisms Renal Autacoids - Renal Tubule Transport Mechanisms Adenosine Prostaglandins Peptides Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Adenosine A1-Receptor Antagonists Loop Diuretics Thiazides Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Agents That Alter Water Excretion (Aquaretics) Diuretic Combinations Edematous States Nonedematous StatesHistamine Serotonin the Ergot Alkaloids
Histamine Basic Pharmacology of Histamine Clinical Pharmacology of Histamine Histamine Antagonists Histamine Receptor Antagonists Basic Pharmacology of H1-Receptor Antagonists Clinical Pharmacology of H1-Receptor Antagonists H2-Receptor Antagonists H3- & H4-Receptor Antagonists Serotonin 5 Hydroxytryptamine Basic Pharmacology of Serotonin Melatonin Pharmacology Serotonin Syndrome and Similar Syndromes Clinical Pharmacology of Serotonin Serotonin Antagonists Serotonin-Receptor Antagonists The Ergot Alkaloids Basic Pharmacology of Ergot Alkaloids Clinical Pharmacology of Ergot AlkaloidsVasoactive Peptides
Vasoactive Peptides Biosynthesis of Angiotensin Actions of Angiotensin II Angiotensin Receptors & Mechanism of Action Biosynthesis of Kinins Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Formation of Kinins in Plasma & Tissues Physiologic & Pathologic Effects of Kinins Kinin Receptors & Mechanisms of Action Metabolism of Kinins Drugs Affecting the Kallikrein-Kinin System Vasopressin Vasopressin Receptors & Antagonists Natriuretic Peptides Vasopeptidase Inhibitors Endothelins Inhibitors of Endothelin Synthesis & Action Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Substance P Neurotensin Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Adrenomedullin Neuropeptide Y UrotensinThe EicosanoidsProstaglandins Thromboxanes Leukotrienes Related Compounds
Arachidonic Acid & Other Polyunsaturated Precursors Synthesis of Eicosanoids Receptor Mechanisms - Mechanisms & Effects of Eicosanoids Effects of Prostaglandins & Thromboxanes Effects of Lipoxygenase & Cytochrome P450-Derived Metabolites Inhibition of Eicosanoid Synthesis Clinical Pharmacology of Eicosanoids Dietary Manipulation of Arachidonic Acid MetabolismNitric Oxide
Discovery of Endogenously Generated Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide Synthesis, Signaling Mechanisms, & Inactivation Pharmacologic Manipulation of Nitric Oxide Vascular Effects - Nitric Oxide in Disease Septic Shock - Nitric Oxide in Disease Infection & Inflammation - Nitric Oxide in Disease The Central Nervous System - Nitric Oxide in Disease The Peripheral Nervous System - Nitric Oxide in Disease Respiratory Disorders - Nitric Oxide in DiseaseDrugs Used in Asthma
Drugs Used in Asthma Pathogenesis of Asthma Sympathomimetic Agents - Basic Pharmacology of Agents Used in the Treatment of Asthma Methylxanthine Drugs - Basic Pharmacology of Agents Used in the Treatment of Asthma Antimuscarinic Agents - Basic Pharmacology of Agents Used in the Treatment of Asthma Corticosteroids - Basic Pharmacology of Agents Used in the Treatment of Asthma Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitors - Basic Pharmacology of Agents Used in the Treatment of Asthma Anti-IgE Monoclonal Antibodies - Drugs in the Treatment of Asthma Cromolyn & Nedocromil Clinical Pharmacology of Drugs Used In the Treatment of Asthma Bronchodilators Muscarinic Antagonists Corticosteroids Leukotriene Antagonists; Cromolyn & Nedocromil Anti-Ige Monoclonal Antibody Management of Acute Asthma Prospects for Prevention of Asthma Treatment Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)DRUGS THAT ACT IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Introduction to the Pharmacology of Central Nervous System CNS Drugs
Introduction to the Pharmacology of Central Nervous System (CNS) Drugs Methods for the Study of Central Nervous System (CNS) Pharmacology Ion Channels & Neurotransmitter Receptors The Synapse & Synaptic Potentials Sites of Drug Action Identification of Central Neurotransmitters Cellular Organization of the Brain Central NeurotransmittersSedative Hypnotic Drugs
Basic Pharmacology of Sedative Hypnotics Chemical Classification - Basic Pharmacology of Sedative Hypnotics Pharmacokinetics - Basic Pharmacology of Sedative Hypnotics Pharmacodynamics of Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, & Newer Hypnotics Tolerance & Dependence - Basic Pharmacology of Sedative Hypnotics Benzodiazepine Antagonists: Flumazenil Treatment of Anxiety States Treatment of Sleep Problems Other Therapeutic Uses Clinical Toxicology of Sedative-HypnoticsThe Alcohols
The Alcohols Basic Pharmacology of Ethanol: Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics of Acute Ethanol Consumption Consequences of Chronic Alcohol Consumption What Can Drunken Worms, Flies, and Mice Tell Us about Alcohol? Alcohol-Drug Interactions Clinical Pharmacology of Ethanol Management of Acute Alcohol Intoxication Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Treatment of Alcoholism Pharmacology of Methanol Pharmacology of Ethylene GlycolAntiseizure Drugs
Antiseizure Drugs Drug Development for Epilepsy - Antiseizure Drugs Basic Pharmacology of Antiseizure Drugs Drugs Used in Partial Seizures Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Phenytoin Mephenytoin, Ethotoin, & Phenacemide Carbamazepine Oxcarbazepine Eslicarbazine Phenobarbital Primidone Felbamate Gabapentin & Pregabalin Lacosamide Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Retigabine (Ezogabine) Rufinamide Stiripentol Tiagabine Topiramate Vigabatrin Zonisamide Ethosuximide Phensuximide & Methsuximide Valproic Acid & Sodium Valproate Oxazolidinediones Benzodiazepines Acetazolamide Seizure Classification - Clinical Pharmacology of Antiseizure Drugs Therapeutic Strategy - Clinical Pharmacology of Antiseizure Drugs Management of Epilepsy Special Aspects of the Toxicology of Antiseizure DrugsGeneral Anesthetics
General Anesthetics Mechanism of General Anesthetic Action Inhaled Anesthetics Pharmacokinetics - Inhaled Anesthetics Pharmacodynamics - Inhaled Anesthetics What Does Anesthesia Represent & Where Does It Work? Intravenous Anesthetics Propofol - Intravenous Anesthetics Fospropofol - Intravenous Anesthetics Barbiturates - Intravenous Anesthetics Benzodiazepines - Intravenous Anesthetics Etomidate - Intravenous Anesthetics Ketamine - Intravenous Anesthetics Dexmedetomidine - Intravenous Anesthetics Opioid Analgesics - Intravenous Anesthetics Current Clinical Practice - Intravenous AnestheticsLocal Anesthetics
Local Anesthetics Basic Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics Historical Development of Local Anesthesia Clinical Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics Lipid Resuscitation Commonly Used Local Anesthetics & Their ApplicationsSkeletal Muscle Relaxants
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Basic Pharmacology of Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Clinical Pharmacology of Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Spasmolytic Drugs Diazepam - Spasmolytic Drugs Baclofen Tizanidine - Spasmolytic Drugs Dantrolene - Spasmolytic Drugs Botulinum Toxin - Spasmolytic Drugs Drugs Used to Treat Acute Local Muscle SpasmPharmacologic Management of Parkinsonism Other Movement Disorders
Pharmacologic Management of Parkinsonism & Other Movement Disorders Parkinsonism Levodopa Dopamine Receptor Agonists Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors Apomorphine Amantadine Acetylcholine-Blocking Drugs Surgical Procedures - Parkinsonism Neuroprotective Therapy - Parkinsonism Gene Therapy - Parkinsonism General Comments On Drug Management of Patients With Parkinsonism Drug-Induced Parkinsonism MPTP & Parkinsonism Other Movement DisordersAntipsychotic Agents Lithium
Antipsychotic Agents The Serotonin Hypothesis of Schizophrenia The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia The Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Basic Pharmacology of Antipsychotic Agents Clinical Pharmacology of Antipsychotic Agents Lithium, Mood Stabilizing Drugs, & Other Treatment For Bipolar Disorder Basic Pharmacology of Lithium Clinical Pharmacology of LithiumAntidepressant Agents
Antidepressant Agents Pathophysiology of Major Depression Neurotrophic Hypothesis Monoamines and Other Neurotransmitters Neuroendocrine Factors in the Pathophysiology of Depression Integration of Hypotheses Regarding the Pathophysiology of Depression Basic Pharmacology of Antidepressants Clinical Indications - Clinical Pharmacology of Antidepressants Choosing an Antidepressant - Clinical Pharmacology of Antidepressants Dosing - Clinical Pharmacology of Antidepressants Adverse Effects - Clinical Pharmacology of Antidepressants Overdose - Clinical Pharmacology of Antidepressants Drug Interactions - Clinical Pharmacology of AntidepressantsOpioid Analgesics Antagonists
Basic Pharmacology of the Opioid Analgesics Pharmacokinetics - Basic Pharmacology of the Opioid Analgesics Pharmacodynamics - Basic Pharmacology of the Opioid Analgesics Clinical Pharmacology of the Opioid Analgesics Ion Channels & Novel Analgesic Targets Clinical Use of Opioid Analgesics Toxicity & Undesired Effects - Clinical Pharmacology of the Opioid Analgesics Strong Agonists MILD to Moderate Agonists Opioids With Mixed Receptor Actions Antitussives The Opioid AntagonistsDrugs of Abuse
Drugs of Abuse Dependence Versus Addiction Addictive Drugs Increase the Level of Dopamine: Reinforcement Animal Models in Addiction Research The Dopamine Hypothesis of Addiction Dependence: Tolerance & Withdrawal - Drugs of Abuse Addiction: A Disease of Maladaptive Learning Nonaddictive Drugs of Abuse Basic Pharmacology of Drugs of Abuse Opioids - Drugs That Activate Gio-Coupled Receptors Cannabinoids - Drugs That Activate Gio-Coupled Receptors Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid - Drugs That Activate Gio-Coupled Receptors LSD, Mescaline, & Psilocybin Drugs that Mediate their Effects via Ionotropic Receptors Drugs that Bind to Transporters of Biogenic Amines Clinical Pharmacology of Dependence & AddictionAgents Used in Anemias Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Agents Used in Anemias; Hematopoietic Growth Factors Sickle Cell Disease and Hydroxyurea Iron - Agents Used In Anemias VITAMIN B12 - Agents Used In Anemias Folic Acid - Agents Used In Anemias Folic Acid Supplementation: A Public Health Dilemma Hematopoietic Growth Factors Erythropoietin - Hematopoietic Growth Factors Myeloid Growth Factors Megakaryocyte Growth FactorsDrugs Used in Disorders of Coagulation
Drugs Used in Disorders of Coagulation Mechanisms of Blood Coagulation Blood Coagulation Cascade Basic Pharmacology of the Anticoagulant Drugs Indirect Thrombin Inhibitors Oral Direct Factor XA Inhibitors Direct Thrombin Inhibitors Warfarin & Other Coumarin Anticoagulants Basic Pharmacology of the Fibrinolytic Drugs Basic Pharmacology of Antiplatelet Agents Clinical Pharmacology of Drugs Used to Prevent Clotting Drugs Used in Bleeding DisordersAgents Used in Dyslipidemia
Agents Used in Dyslipidemia Normal Lipoprotein Metabolism Lipoprotein Disorders The Primary Hypertriglyceridemias The Primary Hypercholesterolemias Secondary Hyperlipoproteinemia Competitive Inhibitors of HMG-COA Reductase (Reductase Inhibitors; 'Statins') NIACIN (Nicotinic Acid) Fibric Acid Derivatives (FIBRATES) Bile Acid-Binding Resins Inhibitors of Intestinal Sterol Absorption CETP Inhibitors and Treatment With Drug CombinationsNonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Nonopioid Analgesics Drugs Used in Gout
The Immune Response Therapeutic Strategies Nonsteroidalanti Inflammatory Drugs Aspirin Nonacetylated Salicylates Cox-2 Selective Inhibitors Nonselective Cox Inhibitors Choice of NSAID Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Abatacept Azathioprine Chloroquine & Hydroxychloroquine Cyclophosphamide Cyclosporine Leflunomide Methotrexate Mycophenolate Mofetil Rituximab Sulfasalazine Tocilizumab TNF-?-Blocking Agents Combination Therapy With Dmards Acetaminophen Drugs Used In Gout Colchicine Nsaids In Gout Uricosuric Agents Allopurinol Febuxostat Pegloticase Glucocorticoids Interleukin-1 InhibitorsENDOCRINE DRUGS
Hypothalamic Pituitary Hormones
Hypothalamic & Pituitary Hormones Anterior Pituitary & Hypothalamic Hormone Receptors Growth Hormone (Somatotropin) Treatment of Obesity Mecasermin Growth Hormone Antagonists Gonadotropins & Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone & Its Analogs GNRH Receptor Antagonists Prolactin Dopamine Agonists Oxytocin Oxytocin Antagonist Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH) Vasopressin AntagonistsThyroid Antithyroid Drugs
Thyroid Physiology Thyroid Hormones Antithyroid Agents Thioamides Anion Inhibitors Iodides Radioactive Iodine Adrenoceptor-Blocking Agents Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Nontoxic Goiter Thyroid NeoplasmsAdrenocorticosteroids And Adrenocortical Antagonists
Adrenocorticosteroids The Naturally Occurring Glucocorticoids; Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Synthetic Corticosteroids Clinical Pharmacology - Synthetic Corticosteroids Toxicity - Synthetic Corticosteroids Contraindications & Cautions - Synthetic Corticosteroids Selection of Drug & Dosage Schedule - Synthetic Corticosteroids Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone, Deoxycorticosterone, Fludrocortisone) Adrenal Androgens Synthesis Inhibitors & Glucocorticoid Antagonists Mineralocorticoid AntagonistsThe Gonadal Hormones Inhibitors
Disturbances in Ovarian Function The Estrogens Physiologic Effects - The Estrogens Clinical Uses - The Estrogens Adverse Effects - The Estrogens Preparations & Dosages - The Estrogens The Progestins Other Ovarian Hormones Hormonal Contraception Pharmacologic Effects - Hormonal Contraception Clinical Uses - Hormonal Contraception Adverse Effects - Hormonal Contraception Contraindications & Cautions - Hormonal Contraception Contraception with Progestins Alone - Hormonal Contraception Tamoxifen & Related Partial Agonist Estrogens Mifepristone Danazol Other Inhibitors Ovulation-Inducing Agents The Testis Androgens & Anabolic Steroids Metabolism - The Testis Androgen Suppression & Antiandrogens Chemical Contraception in MenPancreatic Hormones Antidiabetic Drugs
The Endocrine Pancreas Insulin Characteristics of Available Insulin Preparations Insulin Delivery Systems Treatment with Insulin, Benefit of Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Regimens Benefits of Tight Glycemic Control in Diabetes Insulin Treatment of Special Circumstances Complications of Insulin Therapy Oral Antidiabetic Agents Insulin Secretagogues: Sulfonylureas First-Generation Sulfonylureas Second-Generation Sulfonylureas Insulin Secretagogue: Meglitinide Insulin Secretagogue: D-Phenylalanine Derivative Biguanides Thiazolidinediones Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors Bile Acid Sequestrants Amylin Analog Glucagon-Like Polypeptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors Combination Therapy-Oral Antidiabetic Agents & Injectable Medication Glucagon Islet Amyloid Polypeptide IAPP, AmylinAgents That Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis
Basic Pharmacology Parathyroid Hormone - Principal Hormonal Regulators of Bone Mineral Homeostasis Vitamin D - Principal Hormonal Regulators of Bone Mineral Homeostasis Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 - Principal Hormonal Regulators of Bone Mineral Homeostasis Interaction of PTH, FGF23, & Vitamin D Secondary Hormonal Regulators of Bone Mineral Homeostasis Newer Therapies for Osteoporosis Nonhormonal Agents Affecting Bone Mineral Homeostasis Clinical Pharmacology - Agents That Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis Abnormal Serum Calcium & Phosphate Levels Specific Disorders Involving Bone Mineral-Regulating Hormones Other Disorders of Bone Mineral HomeostasisIntroduction To Antimicrobial Agents
Introduction to Antimicrobial AgentsCHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS
Beta Lactam OtherCell Wall Membrane Active Antibiotics
Beta Lactam Compounds: Penicillins Cephalosporins & Cephamycins Monobactams - Beta Lactam Drugs Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors (Clavulanic Acid, Sulbactam, & Tazobactam) - Beta Lactam Drugs Carbapenems - Beta Lactam Drugs Glycopeptide Antibiotics Other Cell Wall or Membrane Active AgentsTetracyclines Macrolides Clindamycin Chloramphenicol Streptogramins Oxazolidinones
Tetracyclines Macrolides Erythromycin - Macrolides Clarithromycin - Macrolides Azithromycin - Macrolides Ketolides - Macrolides Clindamycin Streptogramins Chloramphenicol OxazolidinonesAminoglycosides Spectinomycin
General Properties of Aminoglycosides Streptomycin Gentamicin Tobramycin Amikacin Netilmicin Neomycin & Kanamycin SpectinomycinSulfonamidesTrimethoprim Quinolones
Sulfonamides - Antifolate Drugs Trimethoprim & Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Mixtures - Antifolate Drugs Dna Gyrase Inhibitors : FluoroquinolonesAntimycobacterial Drugs
Antimycobacterial Drugs Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Isoniazid - Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Rifampin - Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Ethambutol - Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Pyrazinamide - Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Streptomycin - Drugs Used In Tuberculosis Second-Line Drugs for Tuberculosis Rifaximin Drugs Active Against Atypical Mycobacteria Drugs Used in LeprosyAntifungal Agents
Antifungal Agents Amphotericin B Flucytosine Azoles Echinocandins Oral Systemic Antifungal Drugs for Mucocutaneous Infections Topical Antifungal TherapyAntiviral Agents
Antiviral Agents Agents to Treat Herpes Simplex Virus HSV & Varicella Zoster Virus VZV Infections Agents to Treat Cytomegalovirus CMV Infections Antiretroviral Agents Nucleoside & Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Protease Inhibitors Entry Inhibitors Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors New & Investigational Antiretroviral Agents Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Treatment of Hepatitis C Infection Anti Influenza Agents Other Antiviral AgentsMiscellaneous Antimicrobial Agents DisinfectantsAntiseptics Sterilants
Metronidazole Mupirocin Polymyxins Fidaxomicin Urinary Antiseptics Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Alcohols - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Chlorhexidine - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Halogens - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Phenolics - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Aldehydes - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Superoxidized Water - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Peroxygen Compounds - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Heavy Metals - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Sterilants - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants Preservatives - Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & SterilantsClinical Use of Antimicrobial Agents
Clinical Use of Antimicrobial Agents Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy Antimicrobial Therapy of Infections with Known Etiology Management of Antimicrobial Drug Toxicity Antimicrobial Drug Combinations Antimicrobial ProphylaxisAntiprotozoal Drugs
Parasite Life Cycle - Malaria Drug Classification - Malaria Chemoprophylaxis & Treatment - Malaria Malaria: Chloroquine Other Quinolines - Malaria Artemisinin & Its Derivatives - Malaria Quinine & Quinidine - Malaria Mefloquine - Malaria Primaquine - Malaria Atovaquone - Malaria Inhibitors of Folate Synthesis - Malaria Antibiotics - Malaria Halofantrine & Lumefantrine - Malaria Treatment of Specific Forms of Amebiasis Metronidazole & Tinidazole Iodoquinol Diloxanide Furoate Paromomycin Sulfate Emetine & Dehydroemetine Pentamidine Antiprotozoal Drugs Sodium Stibogluconate Antiprotozoal Drugs Nitazoxanide Antiprotozoal Drugs Other Drugs for Trypanosomiasis & LeishmaniasisClinical Pharmacology of the Antihelminthic Drugs
Chemotherapy of Helminthic Infections Albendazole Bithionol Diethylcarbamazine Citrate Doxycycline Ivermectin Mebendazole Metrifonate (Trichlorfon) Niclosamide Oxamniquine Piperazine Praziquantel Pyrantel Pamoate ThiabendazoleCancer Chemotherapy
Cancer Chemotherapy Causes of Cancer Cancer Treatment Modalities Role of Cell Cycle Kinetics & Anticancer Effect Drug Resistance - Cancer Chemotherapy Alkylating Agents - Pharmacology of Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs Nitrosoureas Nonclassic Alkylating Agents Platinum Analogs Antimetabolites Antifolates Fluoropyrimidines Deoxycytidine Analogs Purine Antagonists Vinca Alkaloids Taxanes & Related Drugs Epipodophyllotoxins Camptothecins Antitumor Antibiotics Miscellaneous Anticancer Drugs Clinical Pharmacology of Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs The Leukemias Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma Breast Cancer Gastrointestinal Cancers Lung Cancer Ovarian Cancer Testicular Cancer Malignant Melanoma Brain Cancer Secondary Malignancies & Cancer ChemotherapyImmunopharmacology
Immunopharmacology Normal Immune Responses Abnormal Immune Responses Glucocorticoids - Immunosuppressive Agents Calcineurin Inhibitors - Immunosuppressive Agents Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors Mycophenolate Mofetil - Immunosuppressive Agents Immunomodulatory Derivatives Of Thalidomide (IMiDs) Cytotoxic Agents - Immunosuppressive Agents Immunosuppressive Antibodies Monoclonal Antibodies (MABs) Clinical Uses of Immunosuppressive Drugs Immunologic Reactions to Drugs & Drug Allergy Immediate (Type I) Drug Allergy Autoimmune (Type Ii) Reactions to Drugs Serum Sickness & Vasculitic (Type III) ReactionsTOXICOLOGY
Introduction to Toxicology Occupational Environmental
Introduction to Toxicology: Occupational & Environmental Toxicologic Terms & Definitions Environmental Considerations - Toxicology Air Pollutants - Specific Chemicals Solvents - Specific Chemicals Pesticides - Specific Chemicals Herbicides - Specific Chemicals Environmental Pollutants - Specific Chemicals Metals - Specific ChemicalsHeavy Metal Intoxication Chelators
Toxicology of Lead Major Forms of Lead Intoxication Treatment - Toxicology of Lead Toxicology of Arsenic Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics - Toxicology of Arsenic Major Forms of Arsenic Intoxication Toxicology of Mercury Pharmacokinetics - Toxicology of Mercury Major Forms of Mercury Intoxication Treatment - Toxicology of Mercury Pharmacology of Chelators Dimercaprol (2,3-Dimercaptopropanol, BAL) Succimer (Dimercaptosuccinic ACID, DMSA) Edetate Calcium Disodium (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid, EDTA) Unithiol (Dimercaptopropanesulfonic Acid, DMPS) Penicillamine (D-Dimethlcysteine) Deferoxamine Deferasirox Prussian Blue (Ferric Hexacyanoferrate)Management of the Poisoned Patient
Management of the Poisoned Patient Toxicokinetics & Toxicodynamics Approach to the Poisoned Patient Initial Management of the Poisoned Patient Toxic Syndromes: Acetaminophen Toxic Syndromes: Amphetamines & Other Stimulants Toxic Syndromes: Anticholinergic Agents Toxic Syndromes: Antidepressants Toxic Syndromes: Antipsychotics Toxic Syndromes: Aspirin (Salicylate) Toxic Syndromes: Beta Blockers Toxic Syndromes: Calcium Channel Blockers Toxic Syndromes: Cholinesterase Inhibitors Toxic Syndromes: Cyanide Toxic Syndromes: Digoxin Toxic Syndromes: Ethanol & Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs Toxic Syndromes: Ethylene Glycol & Methanol Toxic Syndromes: Rattlesnake Envenomation Toxic Syndromes: TheophyllineSPECIAL TOPICS
Special Aspects of Perinatal Pediatric Pharmacology
Drug Therapy in Pregnancy Drug Therapy in Infants & Children Pediatric Dosage Forms & Compliance Drug Use During Lactation Pediatric Drug DosageSpecial Aspects of Geriatric Pharmacology
Special Aspects of Geriatric Pharmacology Pharmacologic Changes Associated With Aging Central Nervous System Drugs Cardiovascular Drugs Antimicrobial Drugs Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Ophthalmic Drugs Adverse Drug Reactions in the Elderly Practical Aspects of Geriatric PharmacologyDermatologic Pharmacology
Dermatologic Pharmacology Dermatologic Vehicles Antibacterial Agents Antifungal Agents Oral Antifungal Agents Topical Antiviral Agents Immunomodulators Ectoparasiticides Agents Affecting Pigmentation Sunscreens Acne Preparations Drugs for Psoriasis Biologic Agents Anti Inflammatory Agents Keratolytic & Destructive Agents Antipruritic Agents Trichogenic & Antitrichogenic Agents Antineoplastic Agents Antiseborrhea AgentsDrugs Used in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases Physiology of Acid Secretion - Agents that Reduce Intragastric Acidity Antacids - Agents that Reduce Intragastric Acidity H2-Receptor Antagonists - Agents that Reduce Intragastric Acidity Proton Pump Inhibitors Mucosal Protective Agents Drugs Stimulating Gastrointestinal Motility Laxatives Antidiarrheal Agents Drugs Used in the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Antiemetic Agents Drugs Used to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease Aminosalicylates Glucocorticoids Purine Analogs: Azathioprine & 6-Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy Anti-Integrin Therapy Pancreatic Enzyme Supplements Bile Acid Therapy For Gallstones Drugs Used to Treat Variceal HemorrhageDietary Supplements Herbal Medications
Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications Historical & Regulatory Factors - Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications Clinical Aspects of the Use of Botanicals Botanical Substances: Echinacea (Echinacea Purpurea) Botanical Substances: Garlic (Allium Sativum) Botanical Substances: Ginkgo (Ginkgo Biloba) Botanical Substances: Ginseng Botanical Substances: Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) St. John’s Wort (Hypericumperforatum) Saw Palmetto (Serenoa Repens Orsabal Serrulata) Coenzyme Q10 Glucosamine MelatoninRational Prescribing Prescription Writing
Rational Prescribing The Prescription Prescribing Errors E-Prescribing Compliance Who May Prescribe? Socioeconomic Factors The Cost of Prescriptions
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GATE Exam ME Mechanical
IIT JEE IEEE Entrance Exam
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AIIMS Entrance Exams
Problem Solving and Reasoning
Verbal, Reading Comprehension
Data Interpretation
Logical Reasoning
Mathematics or Quantitative
CAT Entrance Exams
CLAT LAW Entrance exams
Banking Entrance exams
TANCET Anna University
TN State Board one mark
TN 11th Standard one mark