ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
Alitretinoin (Panretin) is a topical formulation of 9-cis-retinoicacid which is approved for the treatment of cutaneous
lesions in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma. Localized reactions may
include intense erythema, edema, and vesiculation necessitat-ing
discontinuation of therapy. Patients who are applying alitretin-oin should not
concurrently use products containing DEET, a common component of insect
repellant products.
Bexarotene (Targretin)
is a member of a subclass of retinoidsthat selectively binds and activates
retinoid X receptor subtypes. It is available both in an oral formulation and
as a topical gel for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Teratogenicity
is a sig-nificant risk for both systemic and topical treatment with
bexaro-tene, and women of childbearing potential must avoid becoming pregnant
throughout therapy and for at least 1 month following discontinuation of the
drug. Bexarotene may increase levels of triglycerides and cholesterol;
therefore, lipid levels must be moni-tored during treatment.
Vorinostat (Zolinza) and romidepsin (Istodax)
are histonedeacetylase inhibitors that are approved for the treatment of
cuta-neous T-cell lymphoma in patients with progressive, persistent, or
recurrent disease after prior systemic therapy. Adverse effects include
thrombocytopenia, anemia, and gastrointestinal distur-bances. Pulmonary
embolism, which has occurred with vorino-stat, has not been reported to date
with romidepsin.
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