Database Management Systems

UNIT I : RELATIONAL DATABASES

UNIT II : DATABASE DESIGN

UNIT III : TRANSACTIONS

UNIT IV : IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES

UNIT V : ADVANCED TOPICS

Refer

INTRODUCTION TO DBMS

Trust Management in Virtualized Data Centers
Introduction to DBMS(Database Management Systems)
Purpose of Database Systems
File systems vs Database systems
Database System Terminologies
Data Models
Components of DBMS
Relational Algebra
ER Model
Functional Dependencies Definition
Database Normalization
Data Anomalies

SQL and QUERY OPTIMIZATION

SQL Overview
Data Types in SQL
object-oriented database management system
Data Definition Language or Data Description Language(DDL)
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
Data Control Language(DCL)
Transaction Control Language (TCL)
Embedded SQL
Query Processing and Optimization (QPO)

TRANSACTION PROCESSING AND CONCURRENCY CONTROL

Transaction Processing
Introduction to Concurrency
Lock
Two-Phase Locking Techniques: The algorithm

TRENDS IN DATABASE TECHNOLOGY

Physical Storage Media
RAID: Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks
File Operations
Hashing
Indexing
B+-Tree Index Files
Data Warehouse
Data Mining
Mobile Databases
Spatial Database Types of Spatial Data
Multi-dimensional Indexes

ADVANCED TOPICS

FUNDAMENTALS OF Database Systems by Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B Navathe

PART 1 Introduction to Databases

chapter 1 Databases and Database Users

Databases and Database Users
An Example - Databases and Database Users
Characteristics of the Database Approach
Actors on the Scene - Databases and Database Users
Workers behind the Scene - Databases and Database Users
Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
A Brief History of Database Applications
When Not to Use a DBMS

chapter 2 Database System Concepts and Architecture

Database System Concepts and Architecture
Data Models, Schemas, and Instances
Three-Schema Architecture and Data Independence
Database Languages and Interfaces
The Database System Environment
Centralized and Client/Server Architectures for DBMSs
Classification of Database Management Systems

PART 2 The Relational Data Model and SQL

chapter 3 The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints

The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints
Relational Model Concepts
Relational Model Constraints and Relational Database Schemas
Update Operations, Transactions, and Dealing with Constraint Violations

chapter 4 Basic SQL

Basic SQL
SQL Data Definition and Data Types
Specifying Constraints in SQL
Basic Retrieval Queries in SQL
INSERT, DELETE, and UPDATE Statements in SQL
Additional Features of SQL

chapter 5 More SQL Complex Queries Triggers Views and Schema Modification

More SQL: Complex Queries, Triggers, Views, and Schema Modification
More Complex SQL Retrieval Queries
Specifying Constraints as Assertions and Actions as Triggers
Views (Virtual Tables) in SQL
Schema Change Statements in SQL

chapter 6 The Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus

The Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus
Unary Relational Operations: SELECT and PROJECT
Relational Algebra Operations from Set Theory
Binary Relational Operations: JOIN and DIVISION
Additional Relational Operations
Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra
The Tuple Relational Calculus
The Domain Relational Calculus

PART 3 Conceptual Modeling and Database Design

chapter 7 Data Modeling Using the Entity Relationship ER Model

Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationship (ER) Model
Using High-Level Conceptual Data Models for Database Design
A Sample Database Application
Entity Types, Entity Sets, Attributes, and Keys
Relationship Types, Relationship Sets, Roles, and Structural Constraints
Weak Entity Types
Refining the ER Design for the COMPANY Database
ER Diagrams, Naming Conventions, and Design Issues
Example of Other Notation: UML Class Diagrams
Relationship Types of Degree Higher than Two

chapter 8 The Enhanced Entity Relationship EER MODEL

The Enhanced Entity-Relationship (EER) Model
Subclasses, Superclasses, and Inheritance
Specialization and Generalization
Constraints and Characteristics of Specialization and Generalization Hierarchies
Modeling of UNION Types Using Categories
A Sample UNIVERSITY EER Schema, Design Choices, and Formal Definitions
Example of Other Notation: Representing Specialization and Generalization in UML Class Diagrams
Data Abstraction, Knowledge Representation, and Ontology Concepts

chapter 9 Relational Database Design by ER and EER to Relational Mapping

Relational Database Design by ER- and EER-to-Relational Mapping
Relational Database Design Using ER-to-Relational Mapping
Mapping EER Model Constructs to Relations

chapter 10 Practical Database Design Methodology and Use of UML Diagrams

Practical Database Design Methodology and Use of UML Diagrams
The Role of Information Systems in Organizations
The Database Design and Implementation Process
The Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 1: Requirements Collection and Analysis
The Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 2: Conceptual Database Design
The Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 3: Choice of a DBMS
Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 4: Data Model Mapping (Logical Database Design)
Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 5: Physical Database Design
Database Design and Implementation Process: Phase 6: Database System Implementation and Tuning
Use of UML Diagrams as an Aid to Database Design Specification
Rational Rose: A UML-Based Design Tool
Automated Database Design Tools

PART 4 Object Object Relational and XML Concepts Models Languages and Standards

chapter 11 Object and Object Relational Databases

Object and Object-Relational Databases
Overview of Object Database Concepts
Introduction to Object-Oriented Concepts and Features
Object Identity, and Objects versus Literals
Complex Type Structures for Objects and Literals
Encapsulation of Operations and Persistence of Objects
Type Hierarchies and Inheritance
Object-Relational Features: Object Database Extensions to SQL
The ODMG Object Model and the Object Definition Language ODL
Object Database Conceptual Design
The Object Query Language OQL
Overview of the C++ Language Binding in the ODMG Standard

chapter 12 XML Extensible Markup Language

XML: Extensible Markup Language
Structured, Semistructured, and Unstructured Data
XML Hierarchical (Tree) Data Model
XML Documents, DTD, and XML Schema
Storing and Extracting XML Documents from Databases
XML Languages
Extracting XML Documents from Relational Databases

PART 5 Database Programming Techniques

chapter 13 Introduction to SQL Programming TECHNIQUES

Introduction to SQL Programming Techniques
Database Programming: Techniques and Issues
Embedded SQL, Dynamic SQL, and SQLJ
Retrieving Single Tuples with Embedded SQL
Retrieving Multiple Tuples with Embedded SQL Using Cursors
Specifying Queries at Runtime Using Dynamic SQL
SQLJ: Embedding SQL Commands in Java
Retrieving Multiple Tuples in SQLJ Using Iterators
Database Programming with Function Calls: SQL/CLI and JDBC
Database Stored Procedures and SQL/PSM
Comparing the Three Approaches

chapter 14 Web Database Programming Using PHP

Web Database Programming Using PHP
A Simple PHP Example
Overview of Basic Features of PHP
Overview of PHP Database Programming

PART 6 Database Design Theory and Normalization

chapter 15 Basics of Functional Dependencies and Normalization or Relational Databases

Basics of Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Databases
Informal Design Guidelines for Relation Schemas
Functional Dependencies
Normal Forms Based on Primary Keys
General Definitions of Second and Third Normal Forms
Boyce-Codd Normal Form
Multivalued Dependency and Fourth Normal Form
Join Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form

chapter 16 Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further Dependencies

Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further Dependencies
Further Topics in Functional Dependencies: Inference Rules, Equivalence, and Minimal Cover
Properties of Relational Decompositions
Algorithms for Relational Database Schema Design
About Nulls, Dangling Tuples, and Alternative Relational Designs
Further Discussion of Multivalued Dependencies and 4NF
Other Dependencies and Normal Forms

PART 7 File Structures Indexing and Hashing

chapter 17 Disk Storage Basic File Structures and Hashing

Disk Storage, Basic File Structures, and Hashing
Secondary Storage Devices
Buffering of Blocks
Placing File Records on Disk
Operations on Files
Files of Unordered Records (Heap Files)
Files of Ordered Records (Sorted Files)
Hashing Techniques
Internal Hashing
External Hashing for Disk Files
Hashing Techniques That Allow Dynamic File Expansion
Other Primary File Organizations
Parallelizing Disk Access Using RAID Technology
New Storage Systems

chapter 18 Indexing Structures for Files

Indexing Structures for Files
Types of Single-Level Ordered Indexes
Multilevel Indexes
Dynamic Multilevel Indexes Using B-Trees and B+-Trees
Search Trees and B-Trees
B+-Trees
Indexes on Multiple Keys
Other Types of Indexes
Some General Issues Concerning Indexing

PART 8 Query Processing and Optimization and Database Tuning

chapter 19 Algorithms for Query Processing and Optimization

Algorithms for Query Processing and Optimization
Translating SQL Queries into Relational Algebra
Algorithms for External Sorting
Implementing the SELECT Operation and Algorithms
Implementing the JOIN Operation and Algorithms
Algorithms for PROJECT and Set Operations
Implementing Aggregate Operations and OUTER JOINs
Combining Operations Using Pipelining
Using Heuristics in Query Optimization
Using Selectivity and Cost Estimates in Query Optimization
Cost Components for Query Execution
Catalog Information Used in Cost Functions
Examples of Cost Functions for SELECT
Examples of Cost Functions for JOIN
Multiple Relation Queries and JOIN Ordering
Example to Illustrate Cost-Based Query Optimization
Overview of Query Optimization in Oracle
Semantic Query Optimization

chapter 20 Physical Database Design and Tuning

Physical Database Design and Tuning
Physical Database Design in Relational Databases
Factors That Influence Physical Database Design
Physical Database Design Decisions
An Overview of Database Tuning in Relational Systems

PART 9 Transaction Processing Concurrency Control and Recovery

chapter 21 Introduction to Transaction Processing Concepts and Theory

Introduction to Transaction Processing Concepts and Theory
Introduction to Transaction Processing
Transaction and System Concepts
Desirable Properties of Transactions
Characterizing Schedules Based on Recoverability
Characterizing Schedules Based on Serializability
Transaction Support in SQL

chapter 22 Concurrency Control Techniques

Concurrency Control Techniques
Two-Phase Locking Techniques for Concurrency Control
Concurrency Control Based on Timestamp Ordering
Multiversion Concurrency Control Techniques
Validation (Optimistic) Concurrency Control Techniques
Granularity of Data Items and Multiple Granularity Locking
Using Locks for Concurrency Control in Indexes
Other Concurrency Control Issues

chapter 23 Database Recovery Techniques

Database Recovery Techniques
Recovery Concepts
NO-UNDO/REDO Recovery Based on Deferred Update
Recovery Techniques Based on Immediate Update
Shadow Paging
The ARIES Recovery Algorithm
Recovery in Multidatabase Systems
Database Backup and Recovery from Catastrophic Failures

PART 10 Additional Database Topics Security and Distribution

chapter 24 Database Security

Database Security
Introduction to Database Security Issues
Discretionary Access Control Based on Granting and Revoking Privileges
Mandatory Access Control and Role-Based Access Control for Multilevel Security
SQL Injection
Introduction to Statistical Database Security
Introduction to Flow Control
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructures
Privacy Issues and Preservation
Challenges of Database Security
Oracle Label-Based Security

chapter 25 Distributed Databases

Distributed Databases
Distributed Database Concepts
Types of Distributed Database Systems
Distributed Database Architectures
Data Fragmentation, Replication, and Allocation Techniques for Distributed Database Design
Query Processing and Optimization in Distributed Databases
Overview of Transaction Management in Distributed Databases
Overview of Concurrency Control and Recovery in Distributed Databases
Distributed Catalog Management
Current Trends in Distributed Databases
Distributed Databases in Oracle

PART 11 Advanced Database Models Systems and Applications

chapter 26 Enhanced Data Models for Advanced Applications

Enhanced Data Models for Advanced Applications
Active Database Concepts and Triggers
Temporal Database Concepts
Spatial Database Concepts
Multimedia Database Concepts
Introduction to Deductive Databases

chapter 27 Introduction to Information Retrieval and Web Search

Introduction to Information Retrieval and Web Search
Information Retrieval (IR) Concepts
Retrieval Models
Types of Queries in IR Systems
Text Preprocessing
Inverted Indexing
Evaluation Measures of Search Relevance
Web Search and Analysis
Trends in Information Retrieval

chapter 28 Data Mining Concepts

Data Mining Concepts
Overview of Data Mining Technology
Association Rules
Classification - Data Mining
Clustering
Approaches to Other Data Mining Problems
Applications of Data Mining
Commercial Data Mining Tools

chapter 29 Overview of Data Warehousing and OLAP

Overview of Data Warehousing and OLAP
Introduction, Definitions, and Terminology - Data warehouses
Characteristics of Data Warehouses
Data Modeling for Data Warehouses
Building a Data Warehouse
Typical Functionality of a Data Warehouse
Data Warehouse versus Views
Difficulties of Implementing Data Warehouses

Database Management Systems - CS8492

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