Physics - 2

Electrostatics

=> Electrostatics - frictional electricity
=> Basic properties of electric charge
=> Definition of Coulomb's law , Principle of Superposition, Electric Field, Electric Field Intensity (E)
=> Electric Field: Definition of Electric lines of force and Properties of lines of forces
=> Electric potential: Definition of Electric potential and Relation between electric field and potential
=> Gauss's law and its applications
=> Electrostatic induction
=> Principle of a capacitor and Energy stored in a capacitor
=> Lightning conductor -Van de Graaff Generator- working principle and construction

Current Electricity

=> Definition of Electric current and discription of Current Electricity
=> Combination of resistors: Resistors in series and parallel
=> Kirchoff's law and Potentiometer
=> Superconductivity Defination and Applications of superconductors
=> Carbon resistors and Colour code for carbon resistors
=> Temperature dependence of resistance and Internal resistance of a cell
=> Electric energy and electric power
=> Faraday's laws of electrolysis | Chemical effect of current | Verification of Faraday's laws of electrolysis
=> Electric cells and Voltaic cell
=> Primary Cell - Daniel cell, Leclanche cell
=> Secondary Cells - Lead - Acid accumulator - Applications of secondary cells

Effects of Electric Current

=> Applications of Joule heating
=> Seebeck effect
=> Neutral and Inversion temperature
=> Peltier effect and Peltier Co-efficient (π)
=> Thomson effect and Thomson coefficient (σ)
=> Thermopile
=> Biot - Savart Law
=> Tangent galvanometer : Theory and Construction of Tangent galvanometer
=> Solenoid and Right hand palm rule
=> Magnetic Lorentz force
=> Cyclotron- Principle, Construction, Working and Limitations of Cyclotron
=> Moving coil galvanometer : Principle, Construction, Pointer type moving coil galvanometer, Current sensitivity of a galvanometer
=> Heating effect : Joule's law
=> Verification of Joule's law
=> Magnetic effect of current
=> Magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying current
=> Magnetic field due to a circular loop carrying current
=> Biot Savart Law and Magnetic induction
=> Ampere's Circuital Law
=> Magnetic induction due to a long solenoid carrying current
=> Magnetic Lorentz force and Cyclotron
=> Motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field
=> Force on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field
=> Force between two long parallel current-carrying conductors
=> Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field
=> Conversion of galvanometer into an ammeter
=> Conversion of galvanometer into a voltmeter
=> Current loop as a magnetic dipole
=> The magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

=> AC generator (Dynamo) - Single phase and AC generator (Alternator) - Three phase
=> Eddy currents and Applications of Eddy current
=> Transformer Principle - Efficiency of a transformer - Energy losses in a transformer
=> Electromagnetic induction
=> Magnetic flux
=> Induced emf and current - Electromagnetic induction
=> Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction
=> Lenz's law
=> Self Induction
=> Coefficient of self induction
=> Self inductance of a long solenoid
=> Mutual induction and Coefficient of mutual induction
=> Methods of producing induced emf
=> AC generator (Dynamo) - Single phase
=> Eddy currents
=> Transformer
=> Long distance power transmission
=> Alternating current
=> AC Circuit with resistor, inductor and capacitor
=> Choke coil: Construction and Working

Electromagnetic Waves and Wave Optics

=> Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman(C.V.Raman) Life
=> Uses of electromagnetic spectrum
=> Types of spectra - Emission spectra, Line spectrum, Band Spectrum, Absorption Spectra
=> Fraunhofer lines - Fluorescence - Phosphorescence
=> Theories of light : Corpuscular theory, Wave theory, Electromagnetic theory, Quantum theory
=> Scattering of light : Tyndal scattering, Raman effect
=> Wave front : Huygen's principle
=> Condition for sustained interference and Young's double slit experiment
=> Newton's rings : Experiment, Theory
=> Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction
=> Diffraction grating explanation with Theory
=> Polarisation of transverse waves
=> Double refraction
=> Polaroids explanation and Uses of Polaroid
=> Nicol prism and Types of crystals
=> Optical activity
=> Specific rotation
=> Electromagnetic Waves and Wave optics
=> Characteristics of electromagnetic waves
=> Hertz experiment
=> Types of spectra
=> Theories of light
=> Scattering of light
=> Wave front
=> Superposition principle
=> Diffraction
=> Polarisation

Atomic Physics

=> Discharge of electricity through gases at low pressure - Discovery of electrons
=> Properties of Cathode rays
=> Canal rays and Properties of Positive rays (or) Canal rays
=> Thomson's method - Determination of specific charge (e/m) of an electron
=> Millikan's oil drop experiment - Determination of charge of an electron
=> Thomson atom model and its Drawbacks
=> Rutherford's α - particle scattering experiment
=> Rutherford atom model and its Drawbacks
=> Bohr atom model
=> Spectral series of hydrogen atom and Energy level diagram
=> Excitation and ionization potential of an atom
=> Shortcomings of Bohr's theory
=> Sommerfeld atom model and its Drawbacks
=> Production of X-rays - Modern Coolidge tube
=> Types of X-rays: Soft and Hard X-rays
=> Properties of X-rays
=> Detection, Diffraction and Absorption of X-rays
=> Laue experiment
=> Bragg's law for X-ray diffraction
=> Bragg's X-ray spectrometer
=> X-ray spectra - continuous and characteristic X-ray spectra
=> Moseley's law and Applications of Moseley's law
=> Medical, Industrial and Scientific Applications of X-rays
=> Spontaneous and stimulated emission of Laser
=> Ruby laser - Generation Process and Energy Level
=> Helium neon laser - Generation Process and Energy Level
=> Medical, Industrial and Scientific Applications of laser

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter and Relativity

=> Photoelectric effect - Dual Nature of Radiation
=> Hallwachs Experiment - photo electric effect
=> Effect of potential difference on the photoelectric current
=> Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential
=> Laws of photoelectric emission
=> Einstein's photoelectric equation
=> Photoelectric cells and their types, applications
=> de Broglie wavelength of matter waves and an electron
=> Electron microscope: Construction, working, Uses, Limitations
=> Relativity: Concept of Space and Frame of reference
=> Special theory of relativity
=> Einstein's mass-energy equivalence

Nuclear Physics

=> Classification of nuclei and Properties of nucleus Nuclear size
=> Explanation of Nuclear binding energy curve
=> Bainbridge mass spectrometer - Determination of isotopic masses of nuclei
=> Nuclear force and Radioactivity
=> Properties of Alpha α, beta β and gamma γ rays
=> Radioactive displacement law
=> Neutron - Discovery and Properties of neutrons
=> Artificial radioactivity
=> Applications of radio-isotopes
=> Biological hazards of nuclear radiations
=> Artificial radioactivity transmutation and Particle accelerators
=> Geiger - Muller counter: Construction and Operation
=> Energy released in Nuclear fission
=> Radioactive Chain reaction
=> Atom bomb - Principle and construction
=> Nuclear reactor: Design and Function of parts, Uses
=> Nuclear power programme in India
=> Nuclear fusion: Hydrogen bomb and Stellar energy
=> Cosmic Rays: Latitude effect, Altitude effect, Cosmic ray showers
=> Elementary particles of atom - new nuclear particles

Semiconductor Devices and their Applications

=> Semiconductors: Energy band in solids
=> Semiconductors: Valence band, conduction band and forbidden energy gap
=> Insulators, semiconductors and conductors - forbidden energy gap
=> Electrons and holes in semiconductors
=> Intrinsic semiconductor
=> Extrinsic semiconductor: N and P -type semiconductor
=> PN Junction diode: Forward and Reverse bias characteristics
=> PN junction diode as Half wave and Bridge wave rectifier
=> Avalanche and zener Breakdown mechanisms
=> Zener diode and Zener diode as voltage regulator
=> Light Emitting Diode (LED)
=> Junction transistor
=> Working of a PNP transistor
=> Transistor circuit configurations
=> Characteristics of an NPN transistor in common emitter configuration
=> Transistor as a switch
=> Transistor amplifier - Operating point, Working
=> Transistor biasing - Voltage divider bias
=> Single stage CE amplifier
=> Multistage amplifiers
=> Feedback in amplifiers- Principle of feedback and
=> Transistor oscillators - Barkhausen condition for oscillation
=> Generation of sinusoidal waves by a tuned LC circuit
=> Essentials of LC oscillator
=> Colpitt's oscillator
=> Integrated circuit (IC)
=> Digital electronics - Analog signal, Digital signal and logic levels
=> Basic logic gates using discrete components
=> Operational amplifier (OP - AMP)
=> Circuit symbol and Pin-out configuration of an OP-AMP
=> Basic OP-AMP circuits: Inverting, Non-inverting, Summing, Difference amplifier
=> Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)
=> Multimeter

Communication Systems

=> Propagation of electromagnetic waves
=> Amplitude modulation (AM): Modulation factor, Analysis, Advantages, Limitations
=> Frequency modulation (FM): Advantages and Disadvantages
=> Phase modulation (PM)
=> Radio transmission - AM, FM transmitter and AF, RF section
=> Radio reception: simple, AM and FM receiver
=> Television: Construction and Working of Vidicon camera tube
=> Television: Scanning and synchronising
=> Monochrome picture tube
=> Monochrome TV transmission
=> Monochrome TV receiver
=> RADAR: Principle, Applications, Transmission and reception of radar
=> Analog communication and digital communication
=> Modem and Fax (or) Facsimile
=> Wire and Cable
=> Fiber optical communication: Advantages, Applications
=> Satellite Communication: Merits and Demerits