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Chapter: Physics : Effects of electric current : Higher Secondary(12 Std)

Current loop as a magnetic dipole

Ampere found that the distribution of magnetic lines of force around a finite current carrying solenoid is similar to that produced by a bar magnet.

Current loop as a magnetic dipole

 

Ampere found that the distribution of magnetic lines of force around a finite current carrying solenoid is similar to that produced by a bar magnet. This is evident from the fact that a compass needle when moved around these two bodies show similar deflections. After noting the close resemblance between these two, Ampere demonstrated that a simple current loop behaves like a bar magnet and put forward that all the magnetic phenomena is due to circulating electric current. This is Ampere’s hypothesis.

 

The magnetic induction at a point along the axis of a circular coil carrying current is



The direction of this magnetic field is along the axis and is given by right hand rule. For points which are far away from the centre of the coil, x>>a, a2 is small and it is neglected. Hence for such points,



Hence a current loop is equivalent to a magnetic dipole of moment M = IA

 

The magnetic moment of a current loop is defined as the product of the current and the loop area. Its direction is perpendicular to the plane of the loop.

 

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Physics : Effects of electric current : Higher Secondary(12 Std) : Current loop as a magnetic dipole |


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