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Aquaculture
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Aquaculture Engineering
Online Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki and important questions and answers
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Aquaculture
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Introduction
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Aquaculture engineering
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Classification of aquaculture
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The farm: technical components in a Aquaculture system
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Future trends: increased importance of aquaculture engineering
Water Transport
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Water Transport in Aquaculture
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Pipes: materials, Classification, Pressure class
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Valves - Pipe and pipe parts
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Pipe parts - fittings
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Pipe connections - jointing
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Mooring of pipes
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Ditches for pipes
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Water flow in channels and pipe systems
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Head loss in pipelines
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Head loss in single parts (fittings)
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Pumps
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Types of pump
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Pump height, Cavitation and Net positive suction head (NPSH)
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Pumping of water requires energy
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Centrifugal and propeller pumps
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Pump performance curves and working point for centrifugal pumps
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Change of water flow or pressure
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Regulation of flow from selected pumps
Water Quality and Water Treatment an Introduction
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Increased focus on water quality
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Inlet water
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Outlet water
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Water treatment in Aquaculture
Adjustment of pH
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Adjustment of pH - Aquaculture Engineering
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Problems with low pH - Aquaculture Engineering
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pH of different water sources - Aquaculture Engineering
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pH adjustment - Aquaculture Engineering
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Examples of methods for pH adjustment: Lime, Seawater, Lye or hydroxides - Aquaculture Engineering
Removal of Particles
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Removal of Particles - Aquaculture Engineering
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Characterization of the water - Aquaculture Engineering
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Methods for particle removal in fish farming
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Mechanical filters and micro screens - Methods for particle removal in fish farming
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Depth filtration granular medium filters - Methods for particle removal in fish farming
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Settling or gravity filters - Methods for particle removal in fish farming
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Integrated treatment systems - Methods for particle removal in fish farming
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Hydraulic loads on filter units - Aquaculture Engineering
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Purification efficiency - Aquaculture Engineering
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Dual drain tank - Aquaculture Engineering
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Sludge production and utilization - Aquaculture Engineering
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Local ecological solutions - Aquaculture Engineering
Disinfection
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Disinfection - Aquaculture Engineering
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Basis of disinfection - Aquaculture Engineering
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Chick’s law and Watson’s law - law for disinfection
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Ultraviolet light - Disinfection in Aquaculture Engineering
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Ozone - Disinfection in Aquaculture Engineering
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Photozone - Disinfection methods in Aquaculture Engineering
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Heat treatment - Disinfection methods in Aquaculture Engineering
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Chlorine - Disinfection methods in Aquaculture Engineering
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Changing the pH - Disinfection methods in Aquaculture Engineering
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Natural methods: ground filtration or constructed wetland - Disinfection methods in Aquaculture Engineering
Heating and Cooling
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Heating and Cooling - Aquaculture Engineering
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Heating requires energy - Aquaculture Engineering
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Methods for heating water - Aquaculture Engineering
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Immersion heaters - Aquaculture Engineering
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Oil and gas burners heaters - Aquaculture Engineering
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Why use heat exchangers? - Aquaculture Engineering
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How is the heat transferred ? - Aquaculture Engineering
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Factors affecting heat transfer - Aquaculture Engineering
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Important parameters when calculating the size of heat exchangers - Aquaculture Engineering
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Types of heat exchanger
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Flow pattern in heat exchangers
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Materials in heat exchangers
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Fouling - Aquaculture Engineering
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Why use heat pumps? - Aquaculture Engineering
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Construction and function of a heat pump
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Log pressure–enthalpy (p-H) in heat pump
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Coefficient of performance in heat pump
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Installations of heat pumps - Aquaculture Engineering
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Management and maintenance of heat pumps - Aquaculture Engineering
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Composite heating systems - Aquaculture Engineering
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Chilling of water - Aquaculture Engineering
Aeration and Oxygenation
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Aeration and Oxygenation - Aquaculture Engineering
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Gases in water
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Gas theory Aeration: Equilibrium, Gas transfer
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Design and construction of aerators: Basic principles, Evaluation criteria
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Example of designs for different types of aerator: Gravity, Surface, Subsurface aerators
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Oxygenation of water
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Theory of oxygenation
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Design and construction of oxygen injection systems
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Evaluation of methods for injecting oxygen gas
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Examples of oxygen injection system designs
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Oxygen gas characteristics
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Sources of oxygen
Ammonia Removal
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Ammonia Removal - Aquaculture Engineering
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Biological removal of ammonium ion
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Nitrification
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Construction of nitrification filters
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Management of biological filters
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Example of biofilter design
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Denitrification
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Chemical removal of ammonia: Principle, Construction - Aquaculture Engineering
Recirculationand Water Re
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Recirculationand Water Re-use Systems
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Advantages and disadvantages of re-use systems in Aquaculture Engineering
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Definitions for re-use or recycling systems
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Degree of re-use
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Water exchange in relation to amount of fish
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Degree of purification
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Mass flow in the system - Theoretical models for construction of re-use systems
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Water requirements of Aquaculture re-use systems
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Connection between outlet concentration, degree of re-use and effectiveness of the water treatment system
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Components in a Aquaculture re-use system
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Design of a re-use system in Aquaculture
Production Units a Classification
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Production Units: a Classification - Aquaculture Engineering
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Classification of production units - Aquaculture Engineering
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Possibilities for controlling environmental impact - Aquaculture Engineering
Egg Storage and Hatching Equipment
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Introduction of Egg Storage and Hatching Equipment in Aquaculture Engineering
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Systems where the Fish eggs stay pelagic in Aquaculture Engineering
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The incubator - Aquaculture Engineering
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Systems where the Fish eggs lie on the bottom - Aquaculture
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Systems where the eggs lie in the same unit from spawning to fry ready for start feeding
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Systems where the eggs must be removed before hatching
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System where storing, hatching and firs feeding are carried out in the same unit
Tanks Basins and Other Closed Production Units
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Introduction of Tanks, Basins and Other Closed Production Units - Aquaculture Engineering
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Types of closed production units - Aquaculture Engineering
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How much water should be supplied? - Aquaculture Engineering
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Water exchange rate - Aquaculture Engineering
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Ideal or non-ideal mixing and water exchange
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Tank design - Aquaculture Engineering
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Flow pattern and self-cleaning - Aquaculture Engineering
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Water inlet design - Aquaculture Engineering
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Water outlet or drain - Aquaculture Engineering
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Dual drain - Aquaculture Engineering
Ponds
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Ponds: Introduction
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The ecosystem
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Different production ponds
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Pond types
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Construction principles of Pond - Aquaculture
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Drainable or non drainable Pond - Aquaculture
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Size and construction of Pond - Aquaculture
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Site selection for Aquaculture Pond
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Water supply for Aquaculture Pond
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The inlet of Aquaculture Pond
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The outlet - drainage for Aquaculture Pond
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Aquaculture Pond layout
Sea Cages
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Sea Cages
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Site selection - Aquaculture Sea Cages
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What creates waves?
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Waves - Environmental factors affecting a floating construction in Sea Cages
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Wind - Environmental factors affecting a floating construction in Sea Cages
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Wind, Oceani, Tidal Current - Environmental factors affecting a floating construction in Sea Cages
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Ice - Environmental factors affecting a floating construction in Sea Cages
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Construction of sea cages
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Examples of Sea cage constructions
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Cage collar or framework
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Mooring systems
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Design of the mooring system
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Description of the single components in a pre-stressed mooring system
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Fixing point - Mooring systems
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Mooring lines - Mooring systems
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Buoys - Mooring systems
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Anchors - Mooring systems
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Calculation of current, wave and wind forces on a sea cage farm
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Calculation of the size of the mooring system
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Calculation of sizes for mooring lines
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Control of mooring systems
Feeding Systems
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Why use automatic feeding systems in Aquaculture ? What can be automated?
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Selection of feeding system
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Feeding system requirements in Aquaculture Engineering
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Types of feeding equipment
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Feed blowers - feeding equipment in Aquaculture
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Feed dispensers - feeding equipment in Aquaculture
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Demand feeders - feeding equipment in Aquaculture
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Automatic feeders and its Types, components - feeding equipment in Aquaculture
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Central feeding system - feeding equipment in Aquaculture
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Feed control - Feeding Systems in Aquaculture
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Feed control systems - Feeding Systems in Aquaculture
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Dynamic feeding systems - Feeding Systems in Aquaculture
Internal Transport and Size Grading
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Internal Transport and Size Grading: Introduction - Aquaculture Engineering
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The importance of fish handling
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Why move the fish? - fish handling
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Why size grade in fish handling?
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Negative effects of handling the fish
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Moving fish with a supply of external energy - Methods and equipment for internal transport
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Methods for moving of fish without the need for external energy - Methods and equipment for internal transport
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Methods and equipment for size grading of fish
Transport of Live Fish
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Transport of Live Fish: Introduction
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Preparation for Transport of Live Fish
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Land Transport of Live Fish
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Sea transport of Live Fish
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Air transport of Live Fish
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Other transport methods of Live Fish
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Cleaning and re-use of water - Transport of Live Fish
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Use of additives - Transport of Live Fish
Instrumentation and Monitoring
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Instrumentation and Monitoring in Aquaculture
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Construction of measuring instruments
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Instruments for measuring water quality - Aquaculture Engineering
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Measuring temperature - Instruments for measuring water quality in Aquaculture
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Measuring oxygen content of the water in Aquaculture
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Measuring pH - Instruments for measuring water quality in Aquaculture
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Measuring conductivity and salinity - Instruments for measuring water quality in Aquaculture
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Measuring total gas pressure and nitrogen saturation - Instruments for measuring water quality in Aquaculture
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Instruments for measuring physical conditions - Aquaculture Engineering
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Equipment for counting fish, measuring fish size and estimation of total biomass
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Monitoring systems - Aquaculture Engineering
Buildings and Superstructures
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Why use buildings in Aquaculture Engineering?
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Types, shape and roof design of Buildings in Aquaculture Engineering
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Load carrying systems - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Materials - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Prefabricate or build on site? - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Insulated or not? - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Foundations and ground conditions - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Design of major parts - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
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Ventilation and climatization - Buildings and Superstructures in Aquaculture Engineering
Design and Construction of Aquaculture Facilities
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Design and Construction of Aquaculture Facilities: Introduction
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Land-based hatchery, juvenile and on-growing production plant in Aquaculture Engineering
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Water intake and transfer - Land-based hatchery, juvenile and on-growing production plant in Aquaculture Engineering
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Water treatment department - Land-based hatchery, juvenile and on-growing production plant in Aquaculture Engineering
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Production rooms in Aquaculture Engineering
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Feed storage - Aquaculture Engineering
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Disinfection barrier - Aquaculture Engineering
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Other rooms - Aquaculture Engineering
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Outlet water treatment - Aquaculture Engineering
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Important equipment - Aquaculture Engineering
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On growing production, sea cage farms
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Site selection - On growing production, sea cage farms
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The cages and the fixed equipment
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The base station - On growing production, sea cage farms
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Net handling - On growing production, sea cage farms
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Boat - On growing production, sea cage farms
Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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The planning process - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Site selection - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Production plan - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Room programme - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Necessary analyses - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Drawing up alternative solutions - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Evaluation of and choosing between the alternative solutions - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Finishing plans, detailed planning - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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Function test of the plant - Planning Aquaculture Facilities
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