Basic Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering - BE8254

UNIT I : AC CIRCUITS AND POWER SYSTEMS

=> Magnetic Circuits and Magnetic Materials
=> Laws Governing Magnetic Circuits
=> Flux Linkage, Inductance and Energy
=> Statically and Dynamically Induced Emf
=> Properties of Magnetic Materials
=> Iron or Core losses
=> AC Operation of Magnetic Circuits
=> Transformer as a Magnetically Coupled Circuit
=> Solved problems - Magnetic Circuits and Magnetic Materials
=> Important Short Questions and Answers : Electrical machines - Magnetic Circuits and Magnetic Materials

UNIT II : TRANSFORMER

=> Transformer - Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation
=> Single Phase Transformer Construction and Principle of Operation
=> EMF Equation of Transformer
=> Transformer on No-Load
=> Transformer on Load
=> Equivalent Circuit of Transformer
=> Regulation of Transformer
=> Transformer Losses and Efficiency
=> All Day Efficiency of Transformer
=> Auto Transformer
=> Solved Problems: Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation - Transformer
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation - Transformer

REFER

=> Transformer: Principle of Operation
=> An ideal Transformer: Principle of Operation
=> Induction Law - Transformer
=> Equivalent Circuit of Transformer
=> Transformer Losses
=> Transformer Tests
=> Efficiency of a Transformer
=> Voltage Regulation of Transformer
=> Auto Transformer
=> Three-phase autotransformer connection
=> Parallel Operation of Transformers
=> Tap Changing in Transformer
=> Solved Problems - Transformer - Electrical machines
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Electrical machines - Transformer

UNIT III : DC MACHINES

=> Three Phase Circuits, A Review
=> Construction of DC Machines
=> Theory of Operation of DC Generators
=> Characteristics of DC Generators
=> Operating Principle of DC Motors and Torque Equation
=> Types of DC Motors and their Characteristics
=> Speed Control of DC Motors
=> Application of DC Motor
=> Solved Problems: Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation - DC Machines
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation - DC Machines

REFER

=> Construction of DC Machines
=> Lap Winding
=> Wave Winding
=> EMF Equation of DC Generators
=> Armature reaction
=> Methods of excitation of the field windings
=> Methods of Excitation used for DC Generator
=> Commutation and Interpoles
=> DC Generator Characteristics
=> Important short questions and answers: DC Generators
=> Principle of operation of a D.C. Motor
=> Working of D.C. Motor
=> Types of DC Motors
=> DC Motor Characteristics
=> Speed Control of DC Shunt Motor: Varying Armature Resistance, Field Resistance
=> Starting of DC Motors
=> Three Point Starter: Working principle
=> Four Point Starter
=> Swinburne’s Test
=> Hopkinson’s test: Procedure, Calculation of efficiency, Advantages, Disadvantages
=> Braking of DC shunt motor
=> Important Short questions and answers: DC Motor - Electrical machines

UNIT IV : AC MACHINES

=> Types, Construction and Working of 3 Phase Induction Motor
=> Equivalent Circuit of Induction Motor
=> Construction of Single-Phase Induction Motors
=> Types of Single Phase Induction Motors and Double Revolving Field Theory
=> Starting Methods of Induction Motor
=> Types, Construction and Working Principle of Synchronous Generator or Alternator
=> Equation of Induced EMF - Synchronous Generator or Alternator
=> Voltage Regulation - Synchronous Generator or Alternator
=> Working Principle and Methods of Starting of Synchronous Motors
=> V Curves
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Induction Machines and Synchronous Machines

REFER

=> Fundamental Principles of A.C. Machines
=> E.M.F. equation of an elementary alternator single phase
=> E.M.F. equation of an elementary alternator three phase
=> Relation between speed and frequency
=> Factors affecting the induced emf (Coil Pitch and Distributed Windings) - Synchronous Generator
=> Armature Reaction - Synchronous Generator
=> Synchronous Generators
=> Open circuit characteristic (OCC) and Short Circuit Characteristics (SCC) of a Synchronous generator
=> Armature Reaction Reactance - Synchronous Generators
=> Synchronous reactance
=> Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) - Synchronous Generator
=> Load Characteristics - Synchronous Generator
=> Potier Reactance - Synchronous Generator
=> Voltage Regulation - Synchronous Generator
=> Methods of finding Voltage Regulation in Synchronous Generator
=> Power angle characteristics
=> Salient pole alternators and Blondel's Two Reaction Theory
=> Direct-axis and Quadrature-axis Synchronous Reactances
=> Power Angle Characteristic of Salient Pole Machine
=> Slip Test
=> Parallel Operation of Alternators
=> Synchronizing Current
=> Effect of Change of Excitation
=> Effect of Change of Input Torque
=> Sharing of load when two alternators are in parallel
=> Prime-mover Governor Characteristic
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Synchronous Generator
=> Synchronous Motors: Construction, Operating Principle, Equivalent Circuit
=> Phasor Diagram - Synchronous Motors
=> Torque and Power Relations
=> V-Curves and Inverted V-Curves
=> Effect of Changing Field Excitation at Constant Load
=> Synchronous Condenser and its Advantages, Disadvantages
=> Methods of starting synchronous motor
=> Performance Characteristic of Synchronous Motors
=> Hunting and Damper Winding
=> Synchronous Induction Motor
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Synchronous Motors
=> Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Types and Construction of Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Squirrel cage Induction Motors
=> Slip ring Induction Motors
=> Principle of Operation - Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Rotating Magnetic Field and Induced Voltages
=> Alternate Analysis for Rotating Magnetic Field
=> Phasor Diagram of Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Equivalent Circuit of Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Power and Torque Relations of Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Induction Motor Torque
=> Rotor Output
=> Circle Diagram - analyse the three phase induction motor performance
=> Tests to Determine the Equivalent Circuit Parameters - Induction Motor
=> Construction of Circle Diagram - Induction Motor
=> Performance Characteristics of Three phase Induction Motor
=> Operation with Unbalanced Supply Voltage on Polyphase Induction Motors
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Three Phase Induction Motor
=> Methods of Starting Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Starting of Slip-Ring Induction Motors
=> Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Changing applied voltage - Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Rotor resistance control - Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Cascade control - Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Pole changing method - Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Stator frequency control - Speed control of Three Phase Induction Motors
=> Power Stages in an Induction Motor
=> Double Cage Induction Motor: Construction, Working
=> Cogging and Crawling of Induction Motor
=> Induction Generator
=> Induction Generator advantages, disadvantages and Application
=> Induction Motor Braking Regenerative Plugging Dynamic
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Starting and Speed Control of Three Phase Induction Motor

UNIT V : MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

=> Transducers
=> Classification of Electrical Transducers
=> Advantages and Disadvantages of Electrical Transducers
=> Characteristics of Transducer
=> Transducer Selection Factors
=> Resistance Transducers
=> Resistance Thermometers: Construction, Advantages, Limitations
=> Thermistors: Construction, Advantages, Limitations
=> Capacitive Transducers and its Application
=> Inductive Transducers
=> Digital Transducers
=> Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Measurement
=> Errors in Measurement
=> Strain gauge: Principle of Working, Materials Used, Applications
=> Capacitive Transducers
=> Piezo electric transducer
=> Variable Inductive Transducers: LVDT and RVDT
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Basics of Measurement and Instrumentation

REFER

=> D.C and A.C Bridges
=> Wheatstone bridge(Null-type, D.C. bridge)
=> Deflection-type D.C. bridge
=> Null-type impedance A.C bridge
=> Maxwell bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages and Disadvantages
=> Schering Bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages
=> Hay Bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages and Disadvantages
=> Wien bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages
=> Transformer Ratio Bridges & Self-Balancing Bridges
=> Digital Voltmeter (DVM)
=> Digital Multi Meter (DMM)
=> Storage oscilloscope
=> Wheat stone bridge and Kelvin’s double bridge
=> Q-Meter
=> Important Short Questions and Answers: Analog and Digital Instruments