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Chapter: 12th Physics : Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

Conservation of energy in LC oscillations

Let us consider 3 different stages of LC oscillations and calculate the total energy of the system.

Conservation of energy in LC oscillations

During LC oscillations in LC circuits, the energy of the system oscillates between the electric field of the capacitor and the magnetic field of the inductor. Although, these two forms of energy vary with time, the total energy remains constant. It means that LC oscillations take place in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.


Let us consider 3 different stages of LC oscillations and calculate the total energy of the system.


Case (i) When the charge in the capacitor, q = Qm and the current through the inductor, i = 0, the total energy is given by


The total energy is wholly electrical.


Case (ii) When charge = 0 ; current = Im , the total energy is


The total energy is wholly magnetic.


Case (iii) When charge = q; current = i, the total energy is


Since q = Qm cos ωt, i = −dq/dt = Qmω sin ωt. The negative sign in current indicates that the charge in the capacitor decreases with time.


From above three cases, it is clear that the total energy of the system remains constant.

 

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12th Physics : Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current : Conservation of energy in LC oscillations |

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12th Physics : Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current


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