Economics

1 Economic Growth and Development

=> Indian Economy : Economic Growth and Development
=> Characteristics of underdeveloped countries
=> Role of the State in Economic Development
=> Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth

2 Population

=> Population and Factors determining population growth
=> Causes of Population Explosion
=> Population Explosion as an obstacle to Economic Development
=> Steps to check rapid growth of population
=> Theories of Population : Malthusian, Demographic Transition
=> Census and The Use of Population Census
=> Population growth in India and National Population Policy 2000 - Measures, Action Plans

3 Poverty and Unemployment

=> Definitions of Poverty
=> Types of poverty
=> Poverty Line and Characteristics of Poor Households
=> Causes of Poverty in India
=> Land Reforms in India
=> Unemployment
=> Measures to Solve Unemployment Problem in India

4 National Income

=> Definitions of National Income
=> Basic Concepts of National Income - GNP, GDP, GNI, NNP, NNI, PCI
=> Circular Flow of Income and Need for the Study of National Income
=> Methods of Calculating National Income
=> Problems in calculating National Income
=> National Income Series in India

5 Economic Planning

=> Meaning and Need for Economic Planning and Laissez faire
=> Characteristics of Economic Planning
=> Types of Planning
=> Evolution and Objectives of Planning in India
=> National Income - Hindu rate of growth
=> Ninth(9th) Five Year Plan (1997 - 2002) - India
=> Tenth(10th) Five Year Plan (2002 - 2007) - India

6 Agriculture

=> Role of Agriculture in Economic Development
=> Relationship between Agricultural and non-agricultural sector
=> Components of Agricultural Growth
=> Agricul.tural Crops and Cropping Pattern
=> Importance of agricultural marketing
=> Nature and Causes of food problem in India
=> Food policy of Government of India
=> Public Distribution System (PDS)
=> Agricultural Price Policies of the Government - India
=> Trends of Agricultural Productivity in India

7 Industrial Sector

=> Need for Industrialisation
=> Patterns of Industrial Development
=> Significance of Public Sector
=> Pattern of Indian Industrial Growth - Textiles, Cement, Sugar, Steel Industry
=> Indian Industrial Policies
=> New Industrial Policy 1991 - India
=> Liberalization and Privatization
=> Environmental Hazards
=> Role of Small Scale Industries in Economic Development

8 Banking

=> Indian Economy :History of Banking
=> Definition of Banking
=> Role of Banks in economic development
=> Commercial Banks and Functions of Commercial Banks
=> central bank - Definition, Functions
=> Methods of credit control employed by the central bank
=> Nationalisation of Banks

9 Foreign Trade

=> Foreign Trade : Globalization, Liberalization
=> Foreign Investment
=> Evolution of Trade from barter system to money economy
=> Need for International Trade
=> Contribution of foreign trade to economic development
=> International Monetary Fund (IMF)
=> Trends in Foreign Trade
=> Volume of India's foreign trade
=> Composition and Direction of Trade - Export, Imports of India
=> Balance of Trade and Balance of Payment
=> The Role of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
=> World Trade Organization (WTO) and Major Functions
=> International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
=> Special Action Programme (SAP) and Structural Adjustment Facility (SAF)
=> IFC, IDA, MIGA

10 Human Resource Development

=> Human Resource Development
=> HRD and Economic Development
=> Educational Development in India since 1951
=> Educational progress in Tamil Nadu
=> Non - Formal Education (NFE) and Adult Literacy
=> Early childhood care and education programme in India

11 Statistical Analysis and Measures of Central Tendency

=> Statistical Analysis and Measures of Central Tendency
=> Statistical Analysis : Classification of Data
=> Difference between classification and Tabulation
=> Types of Diagrams : 1.Bar chart 2.Pie chart 3.Pictograms or cartograms

1 Nature and Scope of Economics

=> Nature and Scope of Economics
=> Definitions of Economics
=> Adam Smith's Definition (Wealth Definition)
=> Alfred Marshall's Definition (Welfare Definition)
=> Lionel Robbins' definition (Scarcity Definition)
=> Samuelson's Definition (Modern Definition of Economics)

2 Basic Economic Problems

=> Main Divisions of Economics
=> Economics : positive or normative science ?
=> Economics in relation to other social sciences
=> Economics and Politics , Economics and History
=> Economics and Ethics , Economics and psychology
=> Economics, mathematics and statistics
=> Economics as a science
=> Methods of Economic Analysis
=> Economic Laws and Importance of Economic Laws
=> Characteristics and Classification of Wealth
=> Goods
=> Income and Types of Income
=> Economics : Value and Price
=> Markets and Classification of Markets
=> Importance of Economics
=> Basic Economic Problems and Economic Systems
=> Capitalist Economy : salient features, Merits and Disadvantages
=> Socialist Economy : salient features, Merits and Disadvantages
=> Mixed Economy : salient features, Merits and Demerits
=> Production Possibility Curve

3 Theory of Consumer Behaviour

=> Theory of Consumer Behaviour
=> Economics : Consumer Behaviour : Characteristics of wants
=> Economics : Consumer Behavior : Classification of Wants
=> Concept of Utility : Total, Marginal Utility
=> Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility(DMU) - Definition, Explanation, Importance, Criticism
=> Law Of Equi-Marginal Utility - Definition, Explanation, Importance, Criticism
=> Limitations of the Equi-Marginal Utility Law
=> Importance of Equi-Marginal Utility Law
=> Consumer's surplus : Definition, Explanation, Importance, Criticism
=> Indifference Curve Approach : Definition, Schedule, curve, map

4 Demand and Supply

=> Law of Demand with Schedule and curve
=> Exceptions to the Law of Demand
=> Factors determining demand
=> Elasticity of Demand and Types of Elasticity of Demand
=> Importance of Elasticity of demand
=> Factors determining supply
=> Elasticity of supply : concept, Types, Factors determining

5 Equilibrium Price

=> Equilibrium Price
=> Shift in Demand and Supply
=> Economics : Time Periods and Price Fixation

6 Production

=> Production
=> Factors of production : Land, Labour, Capital and Organisation
=> Forms of Capital and Characteristics of capital
=> Labour : Characteristics and Division of Labour
=> Identifying the optimum combination of factors of production
=> Short-run and Long-run production function
=> Short-run production function - The law of variable proportions
=> Long-run production function - Increasing, Constant, Decreasing Returns to Scale
=> Characteristics of an isoquant
=> Producer's Equilibrium and The Cobb Douglas Production Function
=> Economies of Scale - Internal - Internal, External economies

7 Cost and Revenue

=> Cost function, concepts and classifications
=> Short run average cost curves - Average Fixed, Average variable and Average Total Cost
=> Marginal Cost
=> Long run Average Cost Curve (LAC)
=> Accounting Cost and Economic cost
=> Concepts Of Revenue : Average, Marginal Revenue(AR,MR)
=> Measurement of Profit

8 Market Structure and Pricing

=> Meaning, Definition and Characteristics of Market
=> Classification of Markets according to Area, time, Competition
=> Features and Conditions of perfect competition
=> Nature of Revenue curves
=> Monopoly : Characteristics and Causes
=> Monopoly : Price and Output Determination : Advantages, Disadvantages
=> Methods of Controlling Monopoly
=> Definition and Conditions of Price Discrimination
=> Characteristics of Monopolistic Competition
=> Determination of Equilibrium price and output under monopolistic competition
=> Wastages of Monopolistic competition
=> Characteristics of Oligopoly

9 Marginal Productivity Theory of Distribution

=> Marginal Productivity Theory of Distribution
=> The Ricardian theory of Rent
=> Modern Theory of Rent and Quasi-Rent
=> Theories of wages
=> Early theories of wages
=> Recent Theories of wages
=> Theories of Interest
=> Loanable funds theory (Neo - classical theory) of Interest
=> Liquidity preference theory (Keynesian theory) of interest
=> Rent theory of profits

10 Simple Theory of Income Determination

=> Simple Theory of Income Determination
=> Say's Law of Market
=> Keynesian Theory of Income Determination
=> Keynesian Theory Aggregate Demand : Consumption Function
=> Keynesian Theory Aggregate Demand : Inducement to invest (Investment function)
=> Rate of interest: Liquidity Preference Theory
=> Functions of Money
=> Economics : Importance of Money
=> Money supply and Reserve Money of India

11 Monetary Policy

=> Monetary Policy of India
=> Monetary Transmission
=> Economics : Inflation and Deflation, Types of Inflation
=> Effects of changes in prices
=> Definition of Fiscal Policy or public finance
=> Subject matter of public finance(Fiscal Policy)
=> Meaning and definition of a tax
=> Canons of Taxation
=> Kinds or Types of tax
=> Meaning, Definition and Kinds(Types) of Budget

12 Fiscal Policy

=> Fiscal policy : Meaning, Objectives, Limitations of Fiscal policy