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Chapter: 12th Physics : UNIT 9 : Atomic and Nuclear Physics

J. J. Thomson’s Model (Water melon model)

In this model, the atoms are visualized as homogeneous spheres which contain uniform distribution of positively charged particles.

ATOM MODELS

J. J. Thomson’s Model (Water melon model)

In this model, the atoms are visualized as homogeneous spheres which contain uniform distribution of positively charged particles (Figure 8.8 (a)). The negatively charged particles known as electrons are embedded in it like seeds in water melon as shown in Figure 8.8 (b).


The atoms are electrically neutral, this implies that the total positive charge in an atom is equal to the total negative charge. According to this model, all the charges are assumed to be at rest. But from classical electrodynamics, no stable equilibrium points exist in electrostatic configuration (this is known as Earnshaw’s theorem) and hence such an atom cannot be stable. Further, it fails to explain the origin of spectral lines observed in the spectrum of hydrogen atom and other atoms.

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12th Physics : UNIT 9 : Atomic and Nuclear Physics


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