Precipitation Titrations
Thus far we have examined
titrimetric methods based
on acid–base, complexation, and redox reactions. A reaction in which the analyte and titrant form an insoluble precipitate also
can form the
basis for a titration. We call this
type of titration a pre- cipitation titration.
One
of the earliest precipitation titrations, developed at the end of the eigh- teenth century, was for the analysis
of K2CO3 and K2SO4 in potash. Calcium
nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, was used as a titrant,
forming a precipitate of CaCO3 and CaSO4. The end
point was signaled
by noting when the addition
of titrant ceased
to generate ad- ditional precipitate. The importance of precipitation titrimetry as an analytical method reached its zenith
in the nineteenth century when several
methods were de- veloped for determining Ag+ and halide
ions.
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