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Preparation, Properties, Uses - Phosphorous pentachloride | 12th Chemistry : UNIT 3 : p-Block Elements-II

Chapter: 12th Chemistry : UNIT 3 : p-Block Elements-II

Phosphorous pentachloride

When PCl3 is treated with excess chlorine, phosphorous pentachloride is obtained.

Phosphorous pentachloride:


Preparation

When PCl3 is treated with excess chlorine, phosphorous pentachloride is obtained.

PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5


Chemical properties

On heating phosphorous pentachloride, it decomposes into phosphorus trichloride and chlorine.

PCl3(g) → PCl3(g) + Cl2(Excess)

Phosphorous pentachloride reacts with water to give phosphoryl chloride and orthophosphoric acid.

PCl5 + H2O → POCl3 + 2HCl

POCl3 + 3H2O → H3PO4 + 3HCl

Overall reaction

PCl5 + 4H2O →H3PO4 + 5HCl

Phosphorous pentachloride reacts with metal to give metal chlorides. It also chlorinates organic compounds similar to phosphorus trichloride.

2Ag + 2PCl5 →2AgCl + 2PCl3

Sn + 4PCl5 → SnCl4 + 4PCl3

C2H5OH + PCl5 → C2H5Cl + HCl + POCl3

C2H5COOH+ PCl5 → C2H5COCl + HCl + POCl3


Uses of phosphorus pentachloride

Phosphorous pentachloride is a chlorinating agent and is useful for replacing hydroxyl groups by chlorine atom.

 

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12th Chemistry : UNIT 3 : p-Block Elements-II : Phosphorous pentachloride | Preparation, Properties, Uses


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