This law is based on Galileo?s law of inertia.
Newton?s first law of motion deals with the basic property of matter called
inertia and the definition of force.
Inertia
is that property of a body by virtue of which the body is unable to change its
state by itself in the absence of external force.
The
inertia is of three types
1. Inertia of rest
2. Inertia of motion
3. Inertia of
direction.
1.Inertia of rest
It is the inability of the body to change its
state of rest by itself.
Examples
i.
A person
standing in a bus falls backward when the bus suddenly starts moving. This is
because, the person who is initially at rest continues to be at rest even after
the bus has started moving.
ii.
A book
lying on the table will remain at rest, until it is moved by some external
agencies.
iii.
When a
carpet is beaten by a stick, the dust particles fall off vertically downwards
once they are released and do not move along the carpet and fall off.
(ii)
Inertia of motion
Inertia of motion is the inability of the body
to change its state of motion by itself.
Examples
i.
When a
passenger gets down from a moving bus, he falls down in the direction of the
motion of the bus.
ii.
A
passenger sitting in a moving car falls forward, when the car stops suddenly.
iii.
An
athlete running in a race will continue to run even after reaching the
finishing point.
(iii)
Inertia of direction
It is the inability of the body to change its
direction of motion by itself.
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