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Definition, Disorders, Causes, Diagnosis, management - Menstrual Disorders | 12th Nursing : Chapter 2 : Medical Surgical and Applied Nursing Management Psychology of Human Diseases

Chapter: 12th Nursing : Chapter 2 : Medical Surgical and Applied Nursing Management Psychology of Human Diseases

Menstrual Disorders

Menstrual cycles often bring about a variety of uncomfortable symptoms.

Menstrual Disorders

Menstrual cycles often bring about a variety of uncomfortable symptoms. Menstruation can be either too heavy or too light, or complete absence of a cycle.

 

Disorders of cycle length

Oligomenorrhea –Infrequent menstruation

Polymenorrhea - cycles with intervals of 21 days or fewer.

Amenorrhea -absence of a menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age.

 

Disorders of Flow

Hypomenorrhea - light or scantly menstrual blood flow.

Menorrhagia - abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period.

Metrorrhagia - bleeding at irregular times, Menometrorrhagia (meno = prolonged, metro = uterine, rrhagia = excessive flow/ discharge) prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding occurs irregularly and frequently.

Dysmenorrhea - cramps or painful menstruation

 

Causes

               Uterine abnormalitites (Fibroids)

               Sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea)

               Steroid consumption

               Chronic pelvic diseases

               Immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis

               Polycystic ovarian disease

Psychological factors

               Anxiety

               Stress

               Emotional trauma;

               Drugs

               Drug addiction

               Steroid administration

               Metabolic or endocrine diseases

               Nutritional deficiency

Peripheral causes:

               Ovarian cyst,

               Pelvic tumors

 

Diagnosis

               General examination

               Abdominal and pelvic examination

               Transvaginal ultrasound

               Dilatation and Curettage

               Hysteroscopy

 

Management

General Management

               Encourage to eat a healthy diet that includes plenty of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, protein and calcium.

               Exercise regularly

               Adequate sleep

               Use absorbent tampon

               Avoid caffeine.

               Eat smaller, and frequent meals

               Vitamin or mineral supplements

               Avoid alcohol,

               Avoid self medications

Medical Management

               Hormonal therapy

               Iron supplementation to prevent anaemia.

 

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12th Nursing : Chapter 2 : Medical Surgical and Applied Nursing Management Psychology of Human Diseases : Menstrual Disorders | Definition, Disorders, Causes, Diagnosis, management

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12th Nursing : Chapter 2 : Medical Surgical and Applied Nursing Management Psychology of Human Diseases


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