Hyperthyrodism

Hyperthyrodism

Definition

Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which thyroid glands performs excessive functional activity and produces excess thyroid hormone

Causes

•               Diffuse hyperfunction of the thyroid gland.

•               Grave’s disease.

Signs and Symptoms

Diagnosis

Blood test

•               Elevated T3 and T4

•               Low TSH

•               Presence of TSI antibodies

Management

Medical

•               Antithyroid medications to suppress the production of thyroid hormones.

•               Radioactive iodine therapy

•               Glucocorticoids

Surgical

Thyroidectomy : Removal of the part or entire thyroid gland

Nursing management

•               Promote adequate rest (back rubs, hot milk)

•               Encourage short walk, rest between activity

•               Promote good eye care (dark glass)

•               Facilitate improved coping.

•               Enhance client knowledge about hyperthyrodism

Dietary management

•               Iodized salt.

•               Vitamins or supplements that contain iodine

•               Milk or other dairy products including ice cream, cheese, yogurt and butter.

•               Seafood including fish, shellfish.

•               Herbal supplements.

Foods to be included

•               Non-iodized salt.

•               Coffee or tea (without milk or dairy- or soy-based creamers)

•               Egg whites.

•               Fresh or canned fruit.

•               Unsalted nuts and nut butters.

•               Breads made without salt, dairy, and eggs.

•               Popcorn with non-iodized salt.

•               Oats.

Complication

•               Arrhythmia

•               Congestive heart failure.

•               Hypertension.

•               Sudden cardiac arrest.