Biological
importance of magnesium and calcium
Magnesium and calcium also plays a vital role in
biological functions. A typical adult human body contains about 25 g of
magnesium and 1200 g of calcium. Magnesium plays an important role in many
biochemical reactions catalysed by enzymes. It is the co-factor of all enzymes
that utilize ATP in phosphate transfer and energy release. It also essential
for DNA synthesis and is responsible for the stability and proper functioning
of DNA. It is also used for balancing electrolytes in our body. Deficiency of
magnesium results into convulsion and neuromuscular irritation.
Calcium is a major component of bones and teeth. It is
also present in in blood and its concentration is maintained by hormones
(calcitonin and parathyroid hormone). Deficiency of calcium in blood causes it
to take longer time to clot. It is also important for muscle contraction.
The main pigment that is responsible for photosynthesis,
chlorophyll, contains magnesium which plays an important role in
photosynthesis.
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