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Chapter: 11th Botany : Chapter 3 : Vegetative Morphology of Angiosperm

Types of Stem

Majority of angiosperm possess upright, vertically growing erect stem. They are (i) Excurrent, (ii) Decurrent, (iii) Caudex, (iv) Culm.

Types of Stem

Majority of angiosperm possess upright, vertically growing erect stem. They are (i) Excurrent, (ii) Decurrent, (iii) Caudex, (iv) Culm.

 

i.  Excurrent

 

The main axis shows continuous growth and the lateral branches gradually becoming shorter towards the apex which gives a conical appearance to the trees. Example: Polyalthia longifolia, Casuarina.

 

ii.  Decurrent

 

The growth of lateral branch is more vigorous than that of main axis. The tree has a rounded or spreading appearance. Example: Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica, Tamarindus indicus, Aegle marmelos

 

iii.  Caudex

 

It’s an unbranched, stout, cylindrical stem, marked with scars of fallen leaves. Example: Cocus nucifera, Borassus flabelliformis, Areca catechu

 

iv.  Culm

 

Erect stems with distinct nodes and usually hollow internodes clasped by leaf sheaths. Example: Majority of grasses including Bamboo.

 


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11th Botany : Chapter 3 : Vegetative Morphology of Angiosperm : Types of Stem |

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11th Botany : Chapter 3 : Vegetative Morphology of Angiosperm


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