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5-3: The Importance of Good Design Principles
Every design, whether it be for hardware
or software, must begin with a design philosophy and guiding principles. These
principles suffuse the design, are built in from the beginning, and are
preserved (according to the design philosophy) as the design evolves.
The design
philosophy expresses the overall intentions of the designers, not only in terms
of how the system will look and act but also in terms of how it will be tested
and maintained. Most systems are not built for short-term use. They grow and
evolve as the world changes over time. Features are enhanced, added, or
deleted. Supporting or communicating hardware and software change. The system
is fixed as problems are discovered and their causes rooted out. The design
philosophy explains how the system will "hang together," maintaining
its integrity through all these changes. A good design philosophy will make a
system easy to test and easy to change.
The philosophy suggests a set of good
design principles. Modularity, information hiding, and other notions discussed
in Chapter 3 form guidelines that enable designers to meet their goals
for software quality. Since security is one of these goals, it is essential
that security policy be consistent with the design philosophy and that the
design principles enable appropriate protections to be built into the system.
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