Respiration
In biosphere, plants and animals are complementary systems which
are integrated to sustain life. In plants, oxygen enters through the stomata
and it is transported to cells, where oxygen is utilized for energy production.
Plants require carbon dioxide to survive, to produce carbohydrates and to
release oxygen through photosynthesis. These oxygen molecules are inhaled by
human through the nose, which reaches the lungs where oxygen is transported
through the blood and it reaches cells. Cellular respiration takes place inside
the cell. A specialized respiratory system is present in animals but is absent
in plants for delivering oxygen inside the cell. But the cellular respiration
stages are similar in both plants and animals which hint at evolutionary
divergence.
If you
are sleeping under a tree during night time you will feel difficulty in
breathing. During night, plants take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide and
as a result carbon dioxide will be abundant around the tree. This process of CO2
evolution is called respiration.
This process takes place during day time also (Figure 14.1). It is accompanied
by breakdown of substrates and release of energy. In this chapter, respiration
process in plants at cellular level will be dealt with.
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