Cognitive Functions
·
Dominant hemisphere:
o Speech, reading and writing
o Calculation
o Praxis (higher motor control of learned movement)
·
Non-dominant hemisphere:
o Neglect: visual, auditory, tactile
o Dressing or constructional apraxia
o Visuo-perceptual: object recognition (fragmented drawings) and faces
(Prosopagnosia)
o Prosody: Expressive aspects of speech
·
Depends on the reticular
activating system, thalamus, frontal and medial temporal lobes
·
Test: orientation in time and
place, serial subtractions, spelling WORLD backwards etc
·
Implicit: learned responses,
reflexes and motor skills
·
Explicit:
o Episodic:
§ Left hippocampus: verbal, right visuo-spatial, faces, etc
§ Temporally specific personal experiences
§ Lost in diffuse brain disease (dementia) and bilateral limbic disease
(amnesic syndrome)
o Semantic:
§ Facts, concepts, words, meanings (eg object naming, what do you cut
bread with, etc)
§ In the temporal neocortex (left)
§ Lost in dementia
·
Working memory:
o Very short term recall: words, numbers, melodies
o Under frontal lobe executive control: important for dual task
performance
o Patients can have damage to just one of working or long term memory (eg
Korsakov)
o Psychosis patients have normal working memory, but cannot make:
§ New memories (anteriograde): Word list learning
§ Retrieve long-term memories: recall public events, autobiographical
details
·
Situated in the pre-frontal area
(non-motor frontal lobes)
·
Functioning best established from
informants and observation
·
Clinical features of frontal lobe
lesions:
o Poor planning: can‟t initiate and carry out a sequence of actions to
complete a goal, can‟t do two things at once
o Can‟t control impulses: irritable, irascible
o Deterioration of personal relationships, social habits and hygiene
o Dulling of curiosity and vitality, jocular, puerile
o Lack energy
Related Topics
Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant
Copyright © 2018-2023 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.