CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNAL PROCESSING
1) ASP
(Analog signal Processing) : If the input signal given to the system is analog
then system does analog signal processing. Ex Resistor, capacitor or Inductor,
OP-AMP etc.
2) DSP
(Digital signal Processing) : If the input signal given to the system is
digital then system does digital signal processing. Ex Digital Computer,
Digital Logic Circuits etc. The devices called as ADC (analog to digital
Converter) converts Analog signal into digital and DAC (Digital to Analog
Converter) does vice-versa.
Most of
the signals generated are analog in nature. Hence these signals are converted
to digital form by the analog to digital converter. Thus AD Converter generates
an array of samples and gives it to the digital signal processor. This array of
samples or sequence of samples is the digital equivalent of input analog
signal. The DSP performs signal processing operations like filtering,
multiplication, transformation or amplification etc operations over these
digital signals. The digital output signal from the DSP is given to the DAC.
ADVANTAGES OF DSP OVER ASP
1. Physical
size of analog systems is quite large while digital processors are more compact
and light in weight.
2. Analog
systems are less accurate because of component tolerance ex R, L, C and active
components. Digital components are less sensitive to the environmental changes,
noise and disturbances.
3. Digital
system is most flexible as software programs & control programs can be easily
modified.
4. Digital
signal can be stores on digital hard disk, floppy disk or magnetic tapes. Hence
becomes transportable. Thus easy and lasting storage capacity.
5. Digital
processing can be done offline.
6. Mathematical
signal processing algorithm can be routinely implemented on digital signal
processing systems. Digital controllers are capable of performing complex
computation with constant accuracy at high speed.
7. Digital
signal processing systems are upgradeable since that are software controlled.
8. Possibility
of sharing DSP processor between several tasks.
9. The cost
of microprocessors, controllers and DSP processors are continuously going down.
For some complex control functions, it is not practically feasible to construct
analog controllers.
10. Single
chip microprocessors, controllers and DSP processors are more versatile and
powerful.
Disadvantages of DSP over ASP
1. Additional
complexity (A/D & D/A Converters)
2. Limit in
frequency. High speed AD converters are difficult to achieve in practice. In
high frequency applications DSP are not preferred.
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