Suborder
Stromateoidei
Stromateoids
are generally tropical and warm temperatefishes of the open sea that often
associate as juveniles with floating or swimming objects, particularly with
siphonophores and jellyfishes. A characteristic of the suborder is a thick-walled
sac in the pharyngeal region that contains“teeth” made from hardened papillae. Centrolophidmedusafishes
bear a superficial resemblance to the icosteidragfish. Nomeid driftfishes,
as the name implies, hover around and under floating logs, siphonophores, jellyfishes,and
seaweed as juveniles and occur in deeper water as adults. Juveniles of the
Man-of-war Fish, Nomeus gronovii,live with impunity amongst and even
feed on the stingingtentacles of the Portuguese man-of-war. Ariommatids are superficially similar to the carangid scads (i.e., Decapterus).The tetragonurid
square tails are round fishes encircled by ridged scales and with a long
caudal peduncle that has a single keel on either side formed from scale
ridges.They feed on pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores whichthey bite with
specialized knife like teeth. Stromateid butterfi shes and harvestfishes
are round or elliptical in profile with a forked tail and are similar in shape
to some carangids;they are sometimes referred to as pompanos, a namemore
correctly applied to several carangids. As with many open sea groups, butterfishes
lack pelvic fins as adults (for unknown reasons).
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