Nephritic Syndrome - Kidney Disease

Nephritic Syndrome

·        ~ Proliferative glomerulonephritis

·        Presentation:

o   Urinary sediment: haematuria, granular and cellular casts

o   Varying degrees of proteinuria 

o   Oliguria ® fluid retention and oedema

o   Renal impairment ® ­Cr, electrolyte disturbance

o   Hypertension

o   Headache 

·        Histology: Large glomeruli (diffuse changes of predominantly mesangial cells), polymorphs and black deposits on epithelial side of BM, can occasionally lead to crescents (ie lots of cell proliferation compared with Nephrotic Syndrome Þ rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis)

·        Possible causes:

o   Post-infectious GN

o   Rapidly progressive GN

o   Mesangio-capillary GN

o   Maybe IgA GN