Independent and Dependent events

Independent and Dependent events

(i) Independent Events

Two or more events are said to be independent when the outcome of one does not affect and is not affected by, the other. For example, if a coin is tossed twice, the result of the second throw would in no way be affected by the result of the first throw.

(ii) Dependent events are those in which the occurrence or non-occurrence of one event in any one trial affects the other events in other trials.

For example the probability of drawing a queen from a pack of 52 cards is 4/52 or 1/13.

But if the card drawn (queen) is not replaced in the pack, the probability of drawing again a queen is 3/51.