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Chapter: 11th Botany : Chapter 4 : Reproductive Morphology of Angiosperm

Corolla

Corolla
Corolla is the most attractive part in majority of the flowers and is usually brightly coloured.

What is the use of pappus ?

Corolla


Corolla is the most attractive part in majority of the flowers and is usually brightly coloured. Corolla helps to display the flower and attracts the pollinators.

 

1. Fusion:

 

a. Apopetalous (polypetalous, choripetalous): Petals are distinct. Example: Hibiscus.

 

b. Sympetalous (gamopetalous): Petals are fused. Example: Datura.

 

2. Shapes of corolla

 

I. Apopetalous Actinomorphic

 

1. Cruciform: Four petals arranged in the form of a cross. Example: Brassica, mustard, radish, cauliflower.

 

2. Caryophyllaceous: Five petals with long claws with limb at right angles to the claw. Example: Caryophyllaceae. Dianthus.

 

3. Rosaceous: Five to many sessile or minutely clawed petals with radiating limbs. Example: Rose, Tea.

 


II. Apopetalous Zygomorphic

 

Papilionaceous:

 

Made up of five distinct petals organized in a butterfly shape. Corolla has three types of petals. One usually large posterior petal called vexillum(standard)two lateral petals-wings (alae) and two anterior sympetalous petals called carina. Example: Clitoria ternatea, Pea, Bean.



III. Sympetalous Actinomorphic

 

1. Tubular:

 

Petals united to form a narrow tubular structure with very short limbs. Example: Disc floret of sunflower.

 

2. Campanulate:

 

Petals fused to form a bell-shaped corolla. Example: Physalis,Cucurbita maxima, Campanula.

 

3. Infundibuliform:

 

Petals fused to form funnel-shaped corolla. Tube gradually widens into limbs. Example: Datura, Ipomoea.

 



4. Rotate:

 

Petals fused to form a wheel shaped corolla with very short tube and a spreading circular limb. Example: brinjal, Evolvulus

 

5. Salver shaped or Hypocrateriform;

 

Petals fused to form a long narrow tube with spreading limbs. Example: Catharanthus, Ixora, Tabernaemontana

 


6. Urceolate:

 

Petals fused to form urn-shaped or pot-shaped corolla.Example: Bryophyllum calycinum, Diospyros.


IV. Sympetalous Zygomorphic

 

1. Bilabiate:

 

Corolla with two lips. Example: Ocimum,Leucas,Adhatoda.

 

Tubular corolla with a single strap-shaped limb. Example: Ray floret of Helianthus

 

2. Personate:

 

Corolla made up of two lips with the upper arched and the lower protruding into the corolla throat. Example: Antirrhinum,Linaria.

 

3. Ligulate:

 

Tubular corolla with a single strap-shaped limb. Example: Ray floret of Helianthus.




 

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11th Botany : Chapter 4 : Reproductive Morphology of Angiosperm


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