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Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Political Science History goverment rule laws life Higher secondary school College Notes

Classification or Kinds of Polities parties

Polities parties can be classified into four groups according to their aims, policies and the method adopted by them to achieve their goals. They are, 1. Conservatives 2. Liberals 3. Reactionaries 4. Radicals

KINDS OF PARITES:

 

Polities parties can be classified into four groups according to their aims, policies and the method adopted by them to achieve their goals. They are,

1.     Conservatives

2.     Liberals 

3.     Reactionaries 

4.     Radicals

 

Apart from this, there are also leftists and rightists. Parties which opt for radical changes and fro the introduction of radical legislations are called leftists, and those which are desirous of slow, steady and smooth changes regarded as rightists, sometimes even within the same parties there are two wings rightists and leftists.

 

For example, in Communist Party of Inida, there are two groups namely the Communist Party of India (Leftists) and Communist Party of India (Rightists).

 

1.     the number of parties dominating the political scene one party, two party or multiparty.

 

2.     the main structure and characteristics of the party-charismatic leader-oriented party, ideology-oriented party and interest oriented party.

 

3.     the geographical area of influence and penetration. (especially in a feudal polity)- that is national party, trans-regional party, regional party and local party.

 

4.     four fold types of party structure suggested by Maurice Duverger- the caucus, the branch, the cell and the militia.

 

Mass party:

 

The mass party is 'the branch type' of party with open membership and hierarchical party structure, dominated by the central leadership. It is a permanent party, active continuously throughout the year.

 

Its branches, covering the entire country and different segments of populations are the main source of its strength. Delegates are elected through the branches to the party congress, which remains the highest policy making body.


Examples of mass party:

1.     The British Labour party

 

2.     German Social Democratic party

 

3.     The Congress party of India

 

4.     Bharathiya Janatha party


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11th 12th std standard Political Science History goverment rule laws life Higher secondary school College Notes : Classification or Kinds of Polities parties |


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