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Chapter: 11th Botany : Chapter 5 : Taxonomy and Systematic Botany

Type concept - Taxonomy and Systematic Botany

ICN’s second principle states that a specimen must be associated with the scientific name known as nomenclatural type.

Type concept

 

ICN’s second principle states that a specimen must be associated with the scientific name known as nomenclatural type. A nomenclatural type is either a specimen or may be an illustration. Example: Herbarium sheet for vascular plants.

 

There are different nomenclatural types.

 

Holotype : A specimen or illustration originally cited by the author in protologue. It is a definitive reference source for identity. Citation of holotype and submission of it is one of the criteria for valid publication of a botanical name.

 

Isotype: Duplicate specimen of the holotype collected from same population by same person on same date with same field number. They are the reliable duplicates of holotype and may be distributed to various herbaria of various regions.

 

Lectotype: Specimen selected from original material serves as a type, when no holotype was designated at the time of publications or if holotype is missing or destroyed.


Syntype: When more than one specimen cited by the author in the protologue without designating holotype.

 

Neotype: Specimen derived from non-original collection selected as the type, when original specimen is missing or destroyed.

 

Paratype: Specimen cited in the protologue is other than holotype, isotype or syntype.

 

Epitype: Specimen or illustration serves as an interpretive type, when holotype, neotype or lectotype is ambiguous.

 

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11th Botany : Chapter 5 : Taxonomy and Systematic Botany : Type concept - Taxonomy and Systematic Botany |

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11th Botany : Chapter 5 : Taxonomy and Systematic Botany


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