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Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Political Science History goverment rule laws life Higher secondary school College Notes

The TamilNadu Panchayat Act 1994 in Tamilnadu, India

The Panchayati Raj system was introduced in Tamilnadu in accordance with the provisions of the Taminadu panchayat Act 1958. At the bottom of this system there is the village Panchayat.

PANCHAYATI RAJ SYSTEM IN TAMIL NADU BEFORE 1994 :

 

The Panchayati Raj system was introduced in Tamilnadu in accordance with the provisions of the Taminadu panchayat Act 1958. At the bottom of this system there is the village Panchayat. Above it are the Panchayat Unions and the District Development Council. With the introduction of the new system, the District Boards were abolished and the Panchayat Unions become their successor bodies. The area of Panchayat Union is made co - terminus with that of the Development Programme the organization of the Panchyati Raj Institutions in Taminadu as per the 1958 Act, can be described as follows.

1.Panchayats :

a)     Village Panchayats

 

b)    Town Panchayats.

 

2.Panchayat Union

 

3.District development council

 

4.   Panchayat Development Consultative Committees at State level.

 

THE TAMILNADU PANCHAYAT ACT 1994:

 

The Tamilnadu Panchayat Act of 1994 is an important milestone in the growth of Panchayati Raj institutions in Tamilnadu. In this context students of local self- government have to remember that the experiment in local governing institutions has not been successful as expected. Therefore there was a move at the national and regional level that something concrete should be done to make the local governing bodies more effective than they were. All major political parties and those who are familiar with the functioning of the local bodies subcribe to this view. Therefore as early as 1985 Thiru. Rajiv Gandhi who became a full pledged Prime Minister of India, took the initiative for strengthening these bodies. However his efforts in this direction did not succeed as anticipated by him.

His successor Thiru. V.P.Singh of the National Front government also did not succeed in enacting a law in this respect. Thiru. P.V. Narasimha Rao, Prime Minister belonging to the Congress Party Government in consultation with the major Political parties got the Constitution 73rd Amendment Act passed by parliament in December 1992 which became operative from May 1993 on its ratification by fifty percent the states of India.

 

This led to the fulfillment of the dream of Thiru. Rajiv Gandhi. This act severed as a turning point for Panchayat Raj institutions to perform very effectively their duties and responsibilities. Many far-reaching changes were introduced by this act.

 

Every state in the Indian federation has to compulsorily implement this Act. The elections to elect the representatives to the various organs of Panchayat Raj bodies were mandatory. If any one state failed to comply with the requirement it was not eligible for getting central grants.

 

The Panchayati Raj bodies are empowered to take decisions on 29 clearly defined subjects, all concerning the day-today living. Their role in implementing the decisions is much more pronounced. They are the implementing agency of the state governments. The functions and powers given to the Panchayati Raj institutions are enumerated in the Act mentioned above: For details please refer to the Act.

 

Panchayat Raj System in Tamilnadu:

In pursuance to the 73rd Amendment Act to the Constitution the Government of Tamilnadu enacted the Tamilnadu Panchayat Act 1994. On the basis of this Act there are in Tamilnadu now

1.       12619 Village Panchayats 

2.      385 Panchayat Unions and

3.       29 District Panchayats.

 

These bodies now function in full swing. Peoples representatives take an active participation in every affair relating to their area and the society. Other details of the Act and consequential developments are dealt with in the text book for the second year of the plus two course.


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11th 12th std standard Political Science History goverment rule laws life Higher secondary school College Notes : The TamilNadu Panchayat Act 1994 in Tamilnadu, India |


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