Opsonization
Opsonization is a process by which a particulate antigen becomes
more susceptible to phagocytosis when it combines with opsonin. The opsonin is a heat-labile substance present in fresh
normal sera. Unlike opsonin, bacteriotropin
is heat-stable substance present in the serum but with similar activities.
The term “opsonic index”
is defined as the ratio of the phagocytic activity of patient’s blood for a
particular bacterium to the phagocytic activity of blood from a normal
individual. It is used to study the progress of resistance during the course of
disease. It is measured by incubating fresh citrated blood with the suspension
of bacteria at 37°C for 15 minutes and estimat-ing the average number of phagocytic
bacteria from the stained blood films.
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