Important Questions and Answers: Computer Monitoring

COMPUTER AIDED PROCESS PLANNING AND CONTROL AND COMPUTER MONITORING.

1. Production Planning and control

Production planning and control may be defined as the direction as the direction and coordination of a firm’s material and physical facilities towards the

attainment of pre specified Production of goods, with production efficiency. 2. Production planning

§ Deciding which products to make, how many of each, and when they should be completed.

§  Planning the manpower and equipment resources needed to accomplish the production plan.

§   Scheduling the production and delivery of the parts and products ;

3. Production control

Production control is concerned with determining whether the necessary resources to implement the production plan have been provided or not.

4. Activities of production control.

§  Shop floor control;

§  Inventory control;

§  Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II); and

§  Just-in-time manufacturing systems.

5. MRP - Function of MRP

It is a planning technique. It translates the master production schedule (MPS) of end products into a detailed schedule for the raw materials and parts used in those end products.

6. BOM

The bill of materials (BOM) designates what itemsand how many of each are used to make up a specified final product.

7. Benefits of MRP

The benefits of implementing MRP system are:

§  Reduced inventory levels.

§  Better Production scheduling

§  Reduced production lead time.

§  Better machine utilization.

§  Improved product quality.

8. Material requirements planning (MRP)

It is a production planning and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Most MRP systems are software-based, while it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well.

An MRP system is intended to simultaneously meet three objectives:

·        Ensure materials are available for production and products are available for delivery to customers.

·        Maintain the lowest possible material and product levels in store

·        Plan manufacturing activities, delivery schedules and purchasing activities.

9.   Agile manufacturing

It is a term applied to an organization that has created the processes, tools, and training to enable it to respond quickly to customer needs and market changes while still controlling costs and quality.

10. Inventory Control

It is the supervision of supply, storage and accessibility of items in order to ensure an adequate supply without excessive oversupply. It can also be referred as internal control - an accounting procedure or system designed to promote efficiency or assure the implementation of a policy or safeguard assets or avoid fraud and error etc.

11.Inventory control may refer to:

·        In economics, the inventory control problem, which aims to reduce overhead cost without hurting sales

·        In the field of loss prevention, systems designed to introduce technical barriers to shoplifting

12.Inventory

Inventory or stock refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate purpose of resale (or repair).

Inventory management is a science primarily about specifying the shape and percentage of stocked goods. It is required at different locations within a facility or within many locations of a supply network to precede the regular and planned course of production and stock of materials.

13.Lean manufacturing,

Lean manufacturing, Lean Enterprise, or lean production, often simply, "lean", is a production philosophy that considers the expenditure of resources in any aspect other than the direct creation of value for the end customer to be wasteful, and thus a target for elimination. Working from the perspective of the client who consumes a product or service, "value" is any action or process that a customer would be willing to pay for.

Basically, lean manufacturing technique consists of four steps. First step is to realize that there are wastes in the system to be removed. Although this seems like a crazy idea, this is the step which creates the requirement for the movement towards lean manufacturing. Many organizations do not realize that they have tons of hidden wastes with them. Therefore they do not have the requirement to remove them from the system. So they will have their problems forever and they will try to find solutions for these problems forever.

14.Direct digital control (DDC)

It  is the automated control of a condition or process by a digital device (computer).

A very early example of a DDC system meeting the above requirements was completed by the Australian business Midac in 1981-1982 using R-Tec Australian designed hardware.

15.Inventory Management;

Inventory management is a science primarily about specifying the shape and percentage of stocked goods. It is required at different locations within a facility or within many locations of a supply network to precede the regular and planned course of production and stock of materials.