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Chapter: Medicine Study Notes : Haematology and Immunology

Immunology - Immunodeficiency

Natural immunity: o Integrity of skin & mucosal surfaces o Clearance of surfaces (eg cilia)

Immunodeficiency

 

Immunology


 

·        Natural immunity:

o   Integrity of skin & mucosal surfaces

o   Clearance of surfaces (eg cilia)

o   Antiseptic chemicals (eg lysozymes in tears)

·        Specific immunity:

o   Has memory and specificity

o   Turns on, then off 

o   Humoral (antibodies): generally extracellular bacteria. First exposure, mainly IgM. Subsequent exposures, more antibody, and mainly IgG

o   CMI/T-cells: intracellular

·        The categories of things that go wrong:

o   Immune deficiency: can‟t fight an external agent

o   Auto-immune: inappropriate reaction against an internal antigen

o   Allergy: inappropriate reaction against an external antigen

·        Causes of immune deficiency:

o   Autoimmune Disease

o   Vitamin/mineral deficiency: B12/Zinc

o   Genetic patterns: autosomal recessive

o   Metabolic deficiency e.g. Adenosine deaminase deficiency

o   Arrest in embryogenesis

 

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