Effect of temperature on Solid, Liquid and Gas

Effect of temperature on Solid, Liquid and Gas

What happens to matter during heating?

The following are models of particles in solids during heating. These models can be modified to represent heating in Solids, Liquids and Gas.

When solid is heated, the particles gain energy and vibrate vigorously. The particles move slightly further apart from one another.

This causes the volume of matter to increase. This process is called expansion. How it is happens? The matter begun to expand when heated. The volume increases due to the greater distance between the particles. But the size of the particles remains in same size.

How do hot-air balloons float? When air inside the hot air balloon is heated with a burner, it expands. The expansion causes the density of the air inside the balloon to decrease. Hence, the air inside the balloon has a lower density that the air outside of the balloon. This difference is density allows the hot-air balloon to float.

During heating or expansion, the mass of matter does not change. This is explained in the following way. During heating, the distance between the particles of the iron locks change. Mass is conserved when matter expands.

Although the volume of the matter changes, the size and number of the particles of matter do not change. Hence, during heating, the mass of a matter is conserved. For example, in an iron lock the distance between the iron particles increases when they gain enough heat. However, the number of iron particles does not change. Hence the mass of the iron lock is conserved.

The melting of ice is an example of a change in the states of matter. The change in the states of matter occurs during melting, boiling and freezing and condensation.

When the particles possess enough energy, they overcome the strong forces of attraction between one another. The particles break free from one another and move randomly. For example, when solid ice is heated to 0⁰C, it melts to become liquids water. In the same way, liquid water is heated to 100⁰C, it boils to become steam.