Convection Cell

Convection Cell

Now you may think why plates keep moving. The plate movements are caused by the convection cells. Convection cell is the circulation of the molten materials caused by the heat derived from the core. When looking at the figure.3.13 you will understand how and why plates move in different directions.

When the molten materials( magma) circulate in different directions, they push or pull the plates in different directions. Thus, the plates move towards each other, move away from one another and move side by side. The plate movements cause the formation of fold, fault, earthquake, and volcano to occur. Let us see the cause, effects, and distribution of the internal forces.

Internal forces

The internal forces are also called as the tectonic forces. They generally occur in the plate boundaries. They are caused by convection cell and plate movement. They form fold, fault, earthquake and volcano.