Answer the following in detail

VI. Answer the following in detail

1. Discuss the five cardinal principles of Confucius.

Five cardinal principles of Confucius Ethics.

• Humaneness

• Righteousness

• Propriety

• Wisdom

• Trustworthiness

Humaneness

• The superior man is not merely intelligent or scholarly, but his character should be exemplary.

• The superior man possesses intelligence, courage and goodwill.

Righteousness

• Though obedience is insisted, "when the command is wrong a son should resist his father and a minister should resist the prince."

• The ruler must govern the people impartially.

Propriety.

• Children should obey their parents and wife her husband.

• The ruler must appoint persons of character in the government.

Wisdom

• Wisdom grows from the family, and that the foundation of society is the disciplined individual in an. orderly family.

Trustworthiness

• There are three requisites for government

• Sufficiency of food

• Sufficiency of military equipment

• Confidence of the people in their ruler

• The government should work with an ideal. It has duties towards the people.

Confucianism is not religion : is a system of social and ethical philosophy.

2. Compare and contrast the principles of Jainism and Buddhism

 Jainism and Buddhism

• Mahavira and Gautama Buddha left their palaces at the age of 30.

• Both the founders of Jainism and Buddhism did not prescribe killing as a religious rite. 

• Celibacy, securing livelihood by alms and abstinence from holding property made both mahavira and Buddha much more acceptable.

• They lived a life of purity and exemplified simplicity and self - denial.

• They lived in the times of the famous kings of Magadha, Bimbisara and Ajatashatra.

• The Vaishyas turned to Buddhism and Jainism in their eagerness to improve their social status.

• Buddha and mahavira revolted against the existing practices of rites and rituals and proposed their ethical teachings.

• In course time, Jainism and Buddhism split into two branches.

Differences

Jainism

• Mahavira left the police subjecting himself severe penance for 12 years

• Tri-ratnas the three principles.

• Five great vows for right action

• Leading a very austere life.

• Establishment of monestries.

• Spread only in India

• Lack of royal patronage

• Split into Digambaras and Svetambaras

Buddhism

• Buddha left the palace and want into the forest insearch of truth.

• Four grent Truths

• The Noble Eight - fold path to abtain the purest state of mind.

• No practice of austere penances

• Establishment of Sangha

• Spread in many parts of the world

• Got royal patronage

• Split into Hinayana and Mahayana.

STUDENT ACTIVITIES ( For Students)

• Prepare a case study of Asoka's Edicts.

• Enact a drama about the life and teachings of Buddha.