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Chapter: Physics : Quantum Physics

Scanning electron microscope - Principle, Construction, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages

Scanning electron microscope is an improved model of an electron microscope. SEM is used to study the three dimensional image of the specimen.



SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Scanning electron microscope is an improved model of an electron microscope. SEM is used to study the three dimensional image of the specimen.

 

Principle:

 

When the accelerated primary electrons strikes the sample , it produces secondary electrons . these secondary electrons are collected by a positive charged electron detector which in turn gives a 3- dimensional image of the sample.

 

Construction:

 

It consists of an electron gun to produce high energy electron beam. A magnetic condensing lens is used to condense the electron beam and a scanning coil is arranged in-between magnetic condensing lens and the sample.

 

The electron detector (Scintillator) is used to collect the secondary electrons and can be converted into electrical signal. These signals can be fed into CRO through video amplifier as shown.


Working:

 

Stream of electrons are produced by the electron gun and these primary electrons are accelerated by the grid and anode. These accelerated primary electrons are made to be incident on the sample through condensing lenses and scanning coil.


These high speed primary electrons on falling over the sample produces low energy secondary electrons. The collection of secondary electrons are very difficult and hence a high voltage is applied to the collector.

 

These collected electrons produce scintillations on to the photo multiplier tube are converted into electrical signals. These signals are amplified by the video amplifier and is fed to the CRO.

 

By similar procedure the electron beam scans from left to right and the whole picture of the sample is obtained in the CRO screen.

 

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Physics : Quantum Physics : Scanning electron microscope - Principle, Construction, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages |


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