Points to Remember, Glossary, Concept Map

Points to Remember

• Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon in which four hydrogen atoms are linked with one carbon atom.

• Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane.

• CNG is the cheapest and cleanest fuel. Vehicles using this gas produce less carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emission. It is less expensive than petrol and diesel.

• Producer gas is a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen.

• Water gas is a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It is also called as syngas or synthesis gas.

• The term ‘petroleum’ is derived from the latin words ‘petra’ meaning rock and ‘oleum’ meaning oil.

• Any substance that can produce heat and energy on burning is called fuel.

• Specific energy is defined as the energy per unit mass. It is used to measure the stored energy in certain substances. Its unit is Jkg^-1.

• Cetane number measures the ignition delay of the fuel in diesel engine.

• Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun in the form of solar radiation.

GLOSSARY

1. Bio Gas Mixture of the gases methane and carbon dioxide.

2. Calorific Value The quantity of heat produced by the complete combustion of fuel at constant pressure and normal conditions.

3. Catenation The property of carbon atom to form bonds with itself resulting in a single large structure or chain.

4. CNG Compressed natural gas obtained at high pressure.

5. Destructive distillation The process of heating coal in the absence of air.

6. Fractional distillation The process of heating a mixture of liquids having different boiling points and then separating them by cooling.

7. Hydrocarbons Organic compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

8. LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas

9. Octane Number The number which denotes the amount of octane present in petrol.

10. Water Gas Gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Concept Map

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Chemistry in daily life by Kirpal Singh.

2. Chemistry in action: The molecules of everyday life by Nina Morgan.

3. Engineering Chemistry by Dr. A.  Ravi krishnan.

 INTERNET RESOURCES

1. www.learnchem.net

2. https://edu.rsc. org/resources