Pleurisy

Pleurisy

Definition

Acute inflammation of the pleura.

Aetiology

The most common cause of pleurisy is infection, related to an underlying bacterial or viral pneumonia. Pleurisy can also be a feature of pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, malignancy and connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Clinical features

Sharp, well-localised pain, worse on inspiration or coughing, and a pleural rub heard on auscultation. There may be an associated pleural effusion.

Macroscopy

Fibrinous exudate is seen over the pleural surfaces and there is variable exudation of fluid.

Investigations and treatment

Aimed at identification and treatment of the underlying cause. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol are used for analgesia.