Percutaneous transhepatic
cholangiography (PTC)
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography is used to image the biliary
tree, particularly the upper part, which is not well outlined by endoscopic
retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). For example in obstructive jaundice
with obstruction of the upper biliary tree and when malignancy of the biliary
tract is suspected or being evaluated. Prior to the procedure the clotting
profile is checked and the patient is given prophylactic broad-spectrum
antibiotics.
A slim flexible needle is passed into the liver percutaneously and a
radio-opaque dye injected. The image can be followed by real-time radiography
and still pictures obtained. Complications include haemorrhage, bile leakage,
bacteraemia and septicaemia. Emergency surgery may be required.
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