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Paediatrics: Exanthem 3: rubella

Rubella is a mild disease in childhood occurring in winter and spring.

Exanthem 3: rubella

 

Rubella is a mild disease in childhood occurring in winter and spring.

 

Signs and symptoms

 

   Prodrome: the incubation period is 14–21 days during which time the child may have a mild illness with low-grade fever.

   Exanthematous phase: maculopapular rash starting on the face, then spreading to cover the whole body, and lasting up to 5 days.

   Other features: suboccipital and post-auricular lymphadenopathy.

 

Diagnosis

 

Serology

 

If there is a risk of a non-immune pregnant woman has been exposed to the child, then the diagnosis should be confirmed by serology.

 

Management

 

   Supportive.

 

   Prevention: immunization with MMR.

 

Complications

 

Very rarely children may develop arthritis, myocarditis, encephalitis, or thrombocytopenia. (When MMR vaccine uptake is reduced, remember foetal rubella syndrome if a non-immune mother is infected early in preg-nancy.)

 

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Paediatrics: Infectious diseases : Paediatrics: Exanthem 3: rubella |


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