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Chapter: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Fundamentals and Applications : Recombinant Coagulation Factors and Thrombolytic Agents

Lanoteplase - Thrombolytic Agents

Lanoteplase is currently in development and published information is limited at this time.

Lanoteplase

 

Lanoteplase is currently in development and published information is limited at this time. Lanoteplase is a t-PA variant in which the fibronectin fingerlike and epidermal growth factor domains have been removed (Collen et al., 1988). In addition, an asparagine to glutamine substitution at amino acid 117 provides reduced clearance (Hansen et al., 1988). Lanoteplase has enhanced fibrinolytic activity in the presence of fibrin-related plasminogen, and it is more fibrin specific compared with streptokinase and urokinase. The pharmacokinetics of lanoteplase in AMI patients are summarized in Table 5.

  


The Intravenous nPA for Treatment of Infarcting Myocardium Early (InTIME) study was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, double placebo, dose-ranging study in 613 patients comparing 4 doses of lanoteplase with accelerated alteplase. Patients were randomized to receive intravenous bolus doses of 15, 30, 60, or 120 kU/kg (not to exceed 12,000 kU) of lanoteplase or accelerated alteplase (den Heijer et al., 1998). A statistically significant increase in the proportion of patients with TIMI grade 3 flow at 60 minutes was noted with increasing lanoteplasedose (p< 0.001). Patients given the highest lanoteplase dose appeared to have a higher rate of TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes compared with alteplase (57% vs. 46%), although this may be a result of the unusually low TIMI grade 3 flow in the alteplase arm of this small study. There was no difference in the 30-day composite endpoint of death, heart failure, major bleeding, or non-fatal infarction (Ross, 1999).

 

A larger randomized, multicenter equivalence trial (InTIME II) in 15,078 patients compared the safety and efficacy of 120 kU/kg lanoteplase with that of accelerated alteplase (Ferguson, 1999). Patients were randomized in a 2:1 fashion to the lanoteplase arm or the alteplase arm. The primary endpoint of the study was 30-day mortality with an incidence of 6.7% for lanoteplase and 6.6% for alteplase. The difference in the incidence of stroke was not statistically significantly different between the treatment groups (1.89% for lanoteplase and 1.52% for alteplase). Intracranial hemorrhage was significantly more fre-quent in the lanoteplase arm than in the alteplase arm (1.13% vs. 0.62%).

 

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