Digestion and Absorption: Important Questions

Digestion and Absorption

Evaluation

1. Choose the incorrect sentence from the following:

a. Bile juice emulsifies the fat.

b. Chyme is a digestive acidic food in stomach.

c. Pancreatic juice converts lipid into fatty acid and glycerol.

d. Enterokinase stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice.

2. What is chyme….?

a. The process of conversion of fat into small droplets.

b. The process of conversion of micelles substances of glycerol into fatty droplet.

c. The process of preparation of incompletely digested acidic food through gastric juice.

d. The process of preparation of completely digested liquid food in midgut.

3. Which of the following hormones stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?

a. Angiotensin and epinephrine

b. Gastrin and insulin

c. Cholecysokinin and secretin

d. Insulin and glucagon

4. The sphincter of Oddi guards

a. Hepatopancreatic duct

b. Common bile duct

c. Pancreatic duct

d. Cystic duct

5. In small intestine, active absorption occurs in case of

a. Glucose

b. Amino acids

c. Na⁺

d. All the above

6. Which one is incorrectly matched?

a. Pepsin – stomach

b. Renin – liver

c. Trypsin – intestine

d. Ptyalin – mouth

7. Absorption of glycerol, fatty acids and monoglycerides takes place by

a. Lymph vessels within villi

b. Walls of stomach

c. Colon

d. Capillaries within villi

8. First step in digestion of fat is

a. Emulsification

b. Enzyme action

c. Absorption by lacteals

d. Storage in adipose tissue

9. Enterokinase takes part in the conversion of

a. Pepsinogen into pepsin

b. Trypsinogen into trypsin

c. Protein into polypetide

d. Caseinogen into casein

10. Which of the following combinations are not matched?

a. Vitamin D - Rickets

b. Thiamine - Beriberi

c. Vitamin K - Sterility

d. Niacin - Pellagra

11. Which of the following combinations are not matched?

Column I - Column II

a. Bilirubin and biliverdin (i) intestinal juice

b. Hydrolysis of starch (ii) Amylases

c. Digestion of fat (iii) Lipases

d. Salivary gland (iv) Parotid

12. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option

Column – I : Column – II

(P) Small intestine (i) Largest factory

(Q) Pancreas (ii) Absorpstion of glucose

(R) Liver (iii) Carrying electrolytic solution

(S) Colon (iv) Digestion and absorption

a. ( P-iv ) ( Q -iii ) ( R- i ) ( S – ii )

b. ( P-iii ) ( Q -ii ) ( R- i ) ( S – iv )

c. ( P-iv ) ( Q -iii ) ( R- i ) ( S – ii )

d. ( P-ii ) ( Q -iv ) ( R- iii ) ( S – i )

13. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option

Column – I : Column – II

(P) Small intestine (i) 23 cm

(Q) Large intestine (ii) 4 meter

(R) Oesophagus (iii) 12.5 cm

(S) Pharynx (iv) 1.5 meter

a. ( P-iv ) ( Q -ii ) ( R- i ) ( S – iii )

b. ( P-ii ) ( Q -iv ) ( R- i ) ( S – iii )

c. ( P-i ) ( Q -iii ) ( R- ii ) ( S – iv )

d. ( P-iii ) ( Q -i ) ( R- ii ) ( S – iv )

14. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option

Column – I : Column – II

(P) Lipase (i) Starch

(Q) Pepsin (ii) Cassein

(R) Renin (iii) Protein

(S) Ptyalin (iv) Lipid

a. ( P-iv ) ( Q -ii ) ( R- i ) ( S – iii )

b. ( P-iii ) ( Q -iv ) ( R- ii ) ( S – i )

c. ( P-iv ) ( Q -iii ) ( R- ii ) ( S – i )

d. ( P-iii ) ( Q -ii ) ( R- iv ) ( S – i )

15. Which of the following is not the function of liver?

a. Production of insulin

b. Detoxification

c. Storage of glycogen

d. Production of bile

16. Assertion : (A) Large intestine also shows the presence of villi like small intestine.

Reason: (B) Absorption of water takes place in large intestine.

a. Both A and B are true and B is the correct explanation of A

b. Both A and B are true but B is not the correct explanation of A

c. A is true but B is false

d. A is false but B is true

17. Which of the following is not true regarding intestinal villi?

a. They possess microvilli.

b. They increase the surface area.

c. They are supplied with capillaries and the lacteal vessels.

d. They only participate in digestion of fats.

18. Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?

19. Bile juice contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Why?

20. List the chemical changes that starch molecule undergoes from the time it reaches the small intestine.

21. How do proteins differ from fats in their energy value and their role in the body?

22. Digestive secretions are secreted only when needed. Discuss.

23. Label the given diagram.

Glossary

Ampulla of vater – Common duct called hepato-pancreatic duct

Bartholin’s duct or duct of rivinis – Duct of sublingual gland

Crypts of leiberkuhn – crypts between the base of villi in the wall of the small intestine

Falciform ligament – It seperate lobes of liver connect the liver with diaphragm

Gastric rugae – Folds in wall of stomach

Glisson’s capsule – Thin connective tissue sheath which covers the hepatic lobules

Goblet cells – Mucus secreting glands

Haustra – Pouch like dilation in the colon

Sphincter of boydon – Sphincter which guard opening of the bile duct before it joins with the pancreatic duct

Sphincter of oddi – Sphincter which guard the opening of the ampulla of vater into the duodenum

Stenson’s duct – Duct of parotids gland

Succus entericus – Intestinal juice

Taeniae coli – Longitudinal muscular chords in the colon

Valves of kerkring or plicae circulares – Circular folds in the lumen of ileum

Wharton’s duct – Duct of sub-maxillary/ sub-mandibular gland