Chapter: 11th Zoology : Chapter 5 : Digestion and Absorption
Histology of the Gut
Histology of
the Gut
The wall
of the alimentary canal from oesophagus to rectum consists of four layers
(Figure 5.5) namely serosa, muscularis, sub-mucosa and mucosa.
The serosa (visceral peritoneum) is the outermost layer and is made up of thin squamous epithelium with some connective tissues. Muscularis is made of smooth circular and longitudinal muscle fibres with a network of nerve cells and parasympathetic nerve fibres which controls peristalsis. The -submucosal layer is formed of loose connective tissue containing nerves, blood, lymph vessels and the sympathetic nerve fibres that control the secretions of intestinal juice.
The
innermost layer lining the lumen of the alimentary canal is the mucosa which
secretes mucous.
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