Deforestation

Deforestation

Deforestation is one of the major contributors to enhance green house effect and global warming. The conversion of forested area into a non-forested area is known as deforestation. Forests provide us many benefits including goods such as timber, paper, medicine and industrial products. The causes are

·         The conversion of forests into agricultural plantation and livestock ranching is a major cause of deforestation.

·         Logging for timber

·         Developmental activities like road construction, electric tower lines and dams.

·         Over population, Industrialisation, urbanisation and increased global needs.

Effects of deforestation

·         Burning of forest wood release stored carbon, a negative impact just opposite of carbon sequestration.

·         Trees and plants bind the soil particles. The removal of forest cover increases soil erosion and decreases soil fertility. Deforestation in dry areas leads to the formation of deserts.

·         The amount of runoff water increases soil erosion and also creates flash flooding, thus reducing moisture and humidity.

·         The alteration of local precipitation patterns leading to drought conditions in many regions. It triggers adverse climatic conditions and alters water cycle in ecosystem.

·         It decreases the bio-diversity significantly as their habitats are disturbed and disruption of natural cycles.

·         Loss of livelihood for forest dwellers and rural people.

·         Increased global warming and account for one-third of total CO₂ emission.

·         Loss of life support resources, fuel, medicinal herbs and wild edible fruits.