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Environmental Chemistry - Atmospheric Pollution | 11th Chemistry : UNIT 15 : Environmental Chemistry

Chapter: 11th Chemistry : UNIT 15 : Environmental Chemistry

Atmospheric Pollution

Earth’s atmosphere is a layer of gases retained by the earth’s gravity.

Atmospheric Pollution

 

Earth’s atmosphere is a layer of gases retained by the earth’s gravity. It contains roughly 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases and little amount of water vapour. This mixture is commonly known as air.

Earth’s atmosphere can be divided into different layers with characteristic altitude and temperature. The various regions of atmosphere are given in table 15.1.

 

Table 15.1 Regions of atmosphere


 

Troposphere :

The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called the troposphere and it extends from 0 – 10 km from the earth surface. About 80% of the mass of the atmosphere is in this layer. This troposphere in further divided as follows.

 

i) Hydrosphere:

Hydrosphere includes all types of water sources like oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, streams, underground water, polar icecaps, clouds etc. It covers about 75% of the earth’s surface. Hence the earth is called as a blue planet.

 

ii) Lithosphere:

Lithosphere the includes soil, rocks and mountains which are solid components of earth.

 

iii) Biosphere:

It includes the lithosphere hydrosphere and atmosphere intergrating the living organism present in the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

 

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11th Chemistry : UNIT 15 : Environmental Chemistry : Atmospheric Pollution | Environmental Chemistry


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