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Chapter: 8th Science : Chapter 12 : Atomic Structure

Thomson’s Atom Model

Thomson, an English scientist, proposed the famous atom model in the year 1904, just after the discovery of electrons.

Thomson’s Atom Model

Thomson, an English scientist, proposed the famous atom model in the year 1904, just after the discovery of electrons.


Thomson proposed that the shape of an atom resembles a sphere having a radius of the order of 10-10 m. The positively charged particles are uniformly distributed with electrons arranged in such a manner that the atom is electrically neutral. Thomson’s atom model was also called as the plum pudding model or the watermelon model. The embedded electrons resembled the seed of watermelon while the watermelon’s red mass represented the positive charge distribution. The plum pudding atomic theory assumed that the mass of an atom is uniformly distributed all over the atom.


 

Limitations of Thomson’s Atom model

Thomson’s atom model could successfully explain the electrical neutrality of atom. However, it failed to explain the following.

1. Thomson’s model failed to explain how the positively charged sphere is shielded from the negatively charged electrons without getting neutralised.

2. This theory explains only about the protons and electrons and failed to explain the presence of neutral particle neutron.

 

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