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Atomic Structure | Chapter 12 | 8th Science - Chemical formula or Molecular formula | 8th Science : Chapter 12 : Atomic Structure

Chapter: 8th Science : Chapter 12 : Atomic Structure

Chemical formula or Molecular formula

Chemical formula is the shorthand notation of a molecule (compound) . It shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of a substance.

Chemical formula or Molecular formula

Chemical formula is the shorthand notation of a molecule (compound) . It shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of a substance. Certain steps are followed to write down the chemical formula of a substance. They are given below.

Step1: Write down the symbols of elements/ ions side by side so that the positive radical is on the left and the negative radical is on the right hand side.

Step2: Write the valencies of the two radicals above their symbols to the right in superscript (Signs ‘+’ and ‘-’ of the ions are omitted) .

Step3: Reduce the valencies to simplest ratio if needed. Otherwise interchange the valencies of the elements/ions. Write these numbers as subscripts. However, ‘1’ appearing on the superscript of the symbol is omitted.

Thus, we arrive the chemical formula of the compound.

Let us derive the chemical formula for calcium chloride.

Step 1: Write the symbols of calcium and chlorine side by side. Ca Cl

Step 2: Write the valencies of calcium and chlorine above their symbols to the right. Ca2 Cl1

Step 3: Interchange the valencies of elements. Ca Cl2

Thus the chemical formula for calcium chloride is CaCl2

Activity 3

Write the chemical formula of the compounds


 

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