Chapter: Microbiology and Immunology: Bacteriology: Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Epidemiology - Helicobacter pylori

H. pylori is ubiquitous, found worldwide. H. pylori infectionoccurs more frequently in developing countries than in the developed countries.

Epidemiology

H. pylori is ubiquitous, found worldwide. H. pylori infectionoccurs more frequently in developing countries than in the developed countries.

◗ Geographical distribution

More than 50% of the people are infected worldwide, but the actual incidence of H. pylori infection is unknown because exact data are not available from developing countries.

◗ Habitat

H. pylori colonize gastric mucosa of healthy persons as well asthe persons suffering from peptic ulcer diseases.

◗ Reservoir, source, and transmission of infection

Humans are the primary reservoirs of infection. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection may differ based on geographical area and race. The prevalence rate is approximately 60% in Hispanic persons, 54% in African American persons, and 20% in White persons. Poor hygiene, overcrowding, and poverty facilitate transmission. The most likely route of H. pylori infection is either fecal-to-oral infection (from stool to mouth) or oral-to-oral (stomach contents transmitted from mouth to mouth) contact.

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Microbiology and Immunology: Bacteriology: Campylobacter and Helicobacter : Epidemiology - Helicobacter pylori |