BASIC
DEFINITIONS IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
For better understanding of the communication
systems, it is essential to know about the following terms.
i) Range
It is the maximum distance between the source and
the destination up to which the signal is received with sufficient strength.
ii) Noise
It is the undesirable electrical signal that
interferes with the transmitted signal. Noise attenuates or reduces the quality
of the transmitted signal. It may be man made (automobiles, welding machines,
electric motors etc.) or natural (lightning, environmental effects, radiation
from sun and stars). Noise cannot be completely eliminated. However, it can be
reduced using various techniques.
iii) Attenuation
The loss of strength of a signal while propagating
through a medium is known as attenuation.
iv) Bandwidth
The frequency range over which the baseband
signals or the information signals such as voice, music, picture etc are
transmitted is known as bandwidth. If v1
and are the lower and upper-frequency limits of a signal, then the bandwidth,
BW = V₂ - V₁.
v) Bandwidth of transmission system
The range of frequencies required to transmit a
piece of specified information in a particular channel is called channel
bandwidth or the bandwidth of the transmission system.
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