ANTENATAL
EXERCISES
·
Good muscle tone is maintained during labour and postnatal period.
·
Helps to reduce the backache.
·
Assist in effective pushing during labour.
• Deep breathing exercise.
Breathing techniques is
for pain relief during labour. Exhale before inhale is suggested.
• Abdominal breathing
• Lower coastal breathing
• Apical breathing
Sit on a chair with your
back against the seat back. Breathe normally, tightens the abdomen and then
press the pelvis downwards to flattens your low back against the seat back.
Hold for 5 seconds and relax.
Kegels exercise is a special
exercise squeeze the pubococcygeal muscle or 3 seconds relax for 3 seconds and
squeeze again. It can be done 100 times twice daily for keeping the vagina
toned and increase the strength of perineum to avoid birth injuries.
Sit on chair with your
back against seat back.
Tightens the vaginal,
urethral and anal muscles as if trying to withhold urination or defecation.
Should do this exercise in a standing position.
•
This exercise enhance the flexibility and strength of inner thighs
and pelvic muscles. It helps to accustoms to the delivery position and prevent
thigh spasm during delivery.
•
Sit on table, low chair against a wall and spread your thighs
sideways. Hold for 5 seconds and relax.
•
Sit on chair with your back against your seatback with one ankle
and turn foot upwards and downwards. Each up and down is as one time, repeat 10
times.
•
Repeat the ankle to draw inward and outward circle circular
movement counted as one time.
•
Repeat the same step at the other ankle.
•
Ankle exercise helps to reduce leg swelling and varicose vein thus
alleviating the problems of leg cramps.
•
Activities that require extensive jumping, hopping, skipping,
bouncing.
•
Double leg raises, deep knee bends.
•
Trunk rotation while standing.
•
Exercises in hot and humid weather.
•
Bouncing while stretching.
•
Avoid over the counter medications
•
Inj. T.T. (Tetanus Toxoid) For preventing maternal and neonatal
tetanus
Dosage schedule: Two doses 0.5 ml I/M in upper arm
First dose - As soon as woman registers for
ANC
Second dose - 4 weeks after the first dose even if it is after
delivery
Inform that there may be slight swelling,
stiffness or pain at the
injection site Iron and folic acid
supplementation
1 tablet / of IFA (100 mg elemental iron+0.5 mg of folic acid)
Duration: At least 100 days during pregnancy
Continue for 3-6 months in postpartum period
Folic acid supplementation (400 µg) upto 12 weeks of pregnancy to
prevent Neural tube defects
•
Regular consumption of iodized salt
•
Calcium supplementation (500mg-1g / day)
Hazards affect the
normal functions of the mother and unborn baby’s body.
They can cause birth
defects in the unborn child. Hazards include physical factors, germs, tobacco,
alcohol, health conditions of the mother, chemicals, and drugs.
•
Vaginal bleeding Persistent vomiting
•
Chills and fever
•
Sudden escape of clear fluid from vagina Abdominal or chest pain
•
Increase or decrease in fetal movement
The nurse must educate
the women that if above symptoms are present they must come to the hospital
immediately.
•
Morning sickness
•
Heartburns
•
Varicose veins
•
Backache
•
Breathlessness
•
Palpitations
•
Vaginal discharge
•
Constipation
These symptoms are
common during pregnancy. There is no need for any special treatment, it will
subside. But any of the above symptoms interferes in normal routine life then
they need to contact the care provider.
Advice the antenatal
mother in the above components to follow up till the next visit to the
hospital.
During the last few
months of pregnancy the mother will be taught about the following
•
Recognizing signs of true versus false labor
•
When to go to the hospital
•
Approaches to pain control
•
Things to bring for labor and after
•
Planning for children at home
•
Care of the newborn
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