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Two Classes of Moral Theory - Medical Ethics

Deontological: right/wrong due an essential feature of the behaviour – intrinsic o Excludes relevance of consequences o How do you work out what duties are – have to explain it in terms of intrinsic qualities

Two Classes of Moral Theory

 

·        Deontological: right/wrong due an essential feature of the behaviour – intrinsic

o   Excludes relevance of consequences

o   How do you work out what duties are – have to explain it in terms of intrinsic qualities 

o   Kant is a prominent theorist: the principle (e.g. value of human life) embodied in an action makes an action a duty. End never justifies the means


·        Teleological: right/wrong depending on whether it‟s a means to a good or a bad end – instrumental

o   Largest group is consequentialists of which utilitarianism is the most popular flavour

o   Utilitarianism: judge consequences by the greatest good for the greatest number

o   Must know consequences before you can judge it right or wrong

o   Is it limited to human happiness (what about animals)


·        Both theories say liberty is important – but for different reasons

 

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